Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents

Background:The majority of obese children lives in developing countries. The ten-fold increase in obesity during the last four decades necessitates the implementation of interventions to mitigate the longterm effect of obesity into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the impact of physical activ...

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Autores principales:	Jeanne Grace, Chara Biggs, Alden Naicker, Sarah Moss
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Ubiquity Press 2021
Materias:	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e825a83673994b2c8928b8bd0ce50412
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e825a83673994b2c8928b8bd0ce504122021-12-02T14:08:55ZEffect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents2214-999610.5334/aogh.3147https://doaj.org/article/e825a83673994b2c8928b8bd0ce504122021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://annalsofglobalhealth.org/articles/3147https://doaj.org/toc/2214-9996Background:The majority of obese children lives in developing countries. The ten-fold increase in obesity during the last four decades necessitates the implementation of interventions to mitigate the longterm effect of obesity into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the impact of physical activity and nutrition intervention on the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and selected biochemical factors of overweight and obese children aged 13.0 to 16.1 years from eThekweni, South Africa. Methods:Participants (N = 41) with a BMI >85th percentile were included in the 10-week controlled trial of physical activity and nutrition education intervention. Baseline and end measurements included BMI, blood pressure, and fasting biochemical variables (glucose, cholesterol, insulin resistance and alanine aminotransferase). BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. The 10-week intervention entailed combined aerobic and resistance exercises supervised twice a week together with a once a week nutrition intervention. Participants performed additional unsupervised aerobic exercises three times a week. Findings:Elevated systolic blood pressure (52%), low-density lipoprotein levels (29%), insulin (17%) and insulin resistance values (15%) were identified. The 10-week intervention programme significantly decreased BMI (30.8 ± 5.4 kg/m2 to 29.8 ± 5.7 kg/m2; p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (125.9 ± 15.7 mmHg to 115.2 ± 12.4 mmHg; p < 0.05), and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (2.63 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L; p < 0.05). Controlling for pre-testing variables as covariates, additional ANCOVA analysis highlighted significantly lower BMI (M = 28.33, F = 7.88, p < 0.05) and BMI z-scores (M = 2.08, F = 4.99, p < 0.05) in the intervention group post-testing. Conclusion:A 10-week physical activity and nutrition education intervention in overweight and obese adolescents significantly reduced BMI and showed trends of a decrease in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.Jeanne GraceChara BiggsAlden NaickerSarah MossUbiquity PressarticleInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENAnnals of Global Health, Vol 87, Iss 1 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Jeanne Grace Chara Biggs Alden Naicker Sarah Moss Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
description	Background:The majority of obese children lives in developing countries. The ten-fold increase in obesity during the last four decades necessitates the implementation of interventions to mitigate the longterm effect of obesity into adulthood. The study aimed to determine the impact of physical activity and nutrition intervention on the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure and selected biochemical factors of overweight and obese children aged 13.0 to 16.1 years from eThekweni, South Africa. Methods:Participants (N = 41) with a BMI >85th percentile were included in the 10-week controlled trial of physical activity and nutrition education intervention. Baseline and end measurements included BMI, blood pressure, and fasting biochemical variables (glucose, cholesterol, insulin resistance and alanine aminotransferase). BMI was classified according to the WHO BMI z-scores. The 10-week intervention entailed combined aerobic and resistance exercises supervised twice a week together with a once a week nutrition intervention. Participants performed additional unsupervised aerobic exercises three times a week. Findings:Elevated systolic blood pressure (52%), low-density lipoprotein levels (29%), insulin (17%) and insulin resistance values (15%) were identified. The 10-week intervention programme significantly decreased BMI (30.8 ± 5.4 kg/m2 to 29.8 ± 5.7 kg/m2; p < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (125.9 ± 15.7 mmHg to 115.2 ± 12.4 mmHg; p < 0.05), and lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (2.63 mmol/L to 2.37 mmol/L; p < 0.05). Controlling for pre-testing variables as covariates, additional ANCOVA analysis highlighted significantly lower BMI (M = 28.33, F = 7.88, p < 0.05) and BMI z-scores (M = 2.08, F = 4.99, p < 0.05) in the intervention group post-testing. Conclusion:A 10-week physical activity and nutrition education intervention in overweight and obese adolescents significantly reduced BMI and showed trends of a decrease in blood pressure and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
format	article
author	Jeanne Grace Chara Biggs Alden Naicker Sarah Moss
author_facet	Jeanne Grace Chara Biggs Alden Naicker Sarah Moss
author_sort	Jeanne Grace
title	Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
title_short	Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
title_full	Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
title_fullStr	Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
title_full_unstemmed	Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents
title_sort	effect of physical activity and nutrition education on body mass index, blood pressure and biochemical variables in overweight and obese adolescents
publisher	Ubiquity Press
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e825a83673994b2c8928b8bd0ce50412
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Effect of Physical Activity and Nutrition Education on Body Mass Index, Blood Pressure and Biochemical Variables in Overweight and Obese Adolescents

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