Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).

Abnormal dopamine (DA) signaling is often suggested as causative in schizophrenia. The other prominent hypothesis for this disorder, largely driven by epidemiological data, is that certain adverse events during the early stages of brain development increase an individual's risk of developing sc...

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Autores principales:	Isabel Formella, Ethan K Scott, Tom H J Burne, Lauren R Harms, Pei-Yun Liu, Karly M Turner, Xiaoying Cui, Darryl W Eyles
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e83618ddfce84680a83faebd012d93ea
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e83618ddfce84680a83faebd012d93ea2021-11-18T07:09:45ZTransient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0042482https://doaj.org/article/e83618ddfce84680a83faebd012d93ea2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22879998/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Abnormal dopamine (DA) signaling is often suggested as causative in schizophrenia. The other prominent hypothesis for this disorder, largely driven by epidemiological data, is that certain adverse events during the early stages of brain development increase an individual's risk of developing schizophrenia later in life. However, the clinical and preclinical literature consistently implicates behavioural, cognitive, and pharmacological abnormalities, implying that DA signaling is abnormal in the adult brain. How can we reconcile these two major hypotheses underlying much of the clinical and basic research into schizophrenia? In this study we have transiently knocked down tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) gene expression in the early stages of brain development in zebrafish using morpholinos. We show that by adulthood, TH and DA levels have returned to normal and basic DA-mediated behaviours, such as locomotion, are also normal. However, when they were exposed to a novel environment the levels of freezing and immediate positioning in deeper zones were significantly reduced in these adult fish. The neurochemistry underlying these behaviours is complex, and the exact mechanisms for these abnormal behaviours remains unknown. This study demonstrates that early transient alterations in DA ontogeny can produce persistent alterations in adult brain function and suggests that the zebrafish may be a promising model animal for future studies directed at clarifying the basic neurodevelopmental mechanisms behind complex psychiatric disease.Isabel FormellaEthan K ScottTom H J BurneLauren R HarmsPei-Yun LiuKarly M TurnerXiaoying CuiDarryl W EylesPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 8, p e42482 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Isabel Formella Ethan K Scott Tom H J Burne Lauren R Harms Pei-Yun Liu Karly M Turner Xiaoying Cui Darryl W Eyles Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
description	Abnormal dopamine (DA) signaling is often suggested as causative in schizophrenia. The other prominent hypothesis for this disorder, largely driven by epidemiological data, is that certain adverse events during the early stages of brain development increase an individual's risk of developing schizophrenia later in life. However, the clinical and preclinical literature consistently implicates behavioural, cognitive, and pharmacological abnormalities, implying that DA signaling is abnormal in the adult brain. How can we reconcile these two major hypotheses underlying much of the clinical and basic research into schizophrenia? In this study we have transiently knocked down tyrosine hydroxylase (TH, the rate limiting enzyme in DA synthesis) gene expression in the early stages of brain development in zebrafish using morpholinos. We show that by adulthood, TH and DA levels have returned to normal and basic DA-mediated behaviours, such as locomotion, are also normal. However, when they were exposed to a novel environment the levels of freezing and immediate positioning in deeper zones were significantly reduced in these adult fish. The neurochemistry underlying these behaviours is complex, and the exact mechanisms for these abnormal behaviours remains unknown. This study demonstrates that early transient alterations in DA ontogeny can produce persistent alterations in adult brain function and suggests that the zebrafish may be a promising model animal for future studies directed at clarifying the basic neurodevelopmental mechanisms behind complex psychiatric disease.
format	article
author	Isabel Formella Ethan K Scott Tom H J Burne Lauren R Harms Pei-Yun Liu Karly M Turner Xiaoying Cui Darryl W Eyles
author_facet	Isabel Formella Ethan K Scott Tom H J Burne Lauren R Harms Pei-Yun Liu Karly M Turner Xiaoying Cui Darryl W Eyles
author_sort	Isabel Formella
title	Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
title_short	Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
title_full	Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
title_fullStr	Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
title_full_unstemmed	Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).
title_sort	transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (danio rerio).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/e83618ddfce84680a83faebd012d93ea
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Transient knockdown of tyrosine hydroxylase during development has persistent effects on behaviour in adult zebrafish (Danio rerio).

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