Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human

Abstract The overall goal of this work was to create a high-resolution MRI atlas of the lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord of the rat (Sprague–Dawley), cat, domestic pig, rhesus monkey, and human. These species were chosen because they are commonly used in basic and translational research in...

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Autores principales:	Amirali Toossi, Bradley Bergin, Maedeh Marefatallah, Behdad Parhizi, Neil Tyreman, Dirk G. Everaert, Sabereh Rezaei, Peter Seres, J. Christopher Gatenby, Steve I. Perlmutter, Vivian K. Mushahwar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e85050c2238f41af95dfa70e54e09cf2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e85050c2238f41af95dfa70e54e09cf22021-12-02T14:07:48ZComparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human10.1038/s41598-021-81371-92045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e85050c2238f41af95dfa70e54e09cf22021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81371-9https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The overall goal of this work was to create a high-resolution MRI atlas of the lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord of the rat (Sprague–Dawley), cat, domestic pig, rhesus monkey, and human. These species were chosen because they are commonly used in basic and translational research in spinal cord injuries and diseases. Six spinal cord specimens from each of the studied species (total of 30 specimens) were fixed, extracted, and imaged. Sizes of the spinal cord segments, cross-sectional dimensions, and locations of the spinal cord gray and white matter were quantified and compared across species. The lumbar enlargement spans spinal cord levels L3-S1 in rats, L4-S1 in cats, L3-S1 in pigs, L2/L3-L7/S1 in monkeys, and T12/L1-S1/S2 in humans. The enlargements in pigs and humans are largest and most similar in size (length and cross-sectional area); followed by monkeys and cats; and followed by rats. The obtained atlas establishes a neuroanatomical reference for the intact lumbosacral spinal cord in these species. It can also be used to guide the planning of surgical procedures of the spinal cord and technology design and development of spinal cord neuroprostheses, as well as precise delivery of cells/drugs into target regions within the spinal cord parenchyma.Amirali ToossiBradley BerginMaedeh MarefatallahBehdad ParhiziNeil TyremanDirk G. EveraertSabereh RezaeiPeter SeresJ. Christopher GatenbySteve I. PerlmutterVivian K. MushahwarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-15 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Amirali Toossi Bradley Bergin Maedeh Marefatallah Behdad Parhizi Neil Tyreman Dirk G. Everaert Sabereh Rezaei Peter Seres J. Christopher Gatenby Steve I. Perlmutter Vivian K. Mushahwar Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
description	Abstract The overall goal of this work was to create a high-resolution MRI atlas of the lumbosacral enlargement of the spinal cord of the rat (Sprague–Dawley), cat, domestic pig, rhesus monkey, and human. These species were chosen because they are commonly used in basic and translational research in spinal cord injuries and diseases. Six spinal cord specimens from each of the studied species (total of 30 specimens) were fixed, extracted, and imaged. Sizes of the spinal cord segments, cross-sectional dimensions, and locations of the spinal cord gray and white matter were quantified and compared across species. The lumbar enlargement spans spinal cord levels L3-S1 in rats, L4-S1 in cats, L3-S1 in pigs, L2/L3-L7/S1 in monkeys, and T12/L1-S1/S2 in humans. The enlargements in pigs and humans are largest and most similar in size (length and cross-sectional area); followed by monkeys and cats; and followed by rats. The obtained atlas establishes a neuroanatomical reference for the intact lumbosacral spinal cord in these species. It can also be used to guide the planning of surgical procedures of the spinal cord and technology design and development of spinal cord neuroprostheses, as well as precise delivery of cells/drugs into target regions within the spinal cord parenchyma.
format	article
author	Amirali Toossi Bradley Bergin Maedeh Marefatallah Behdad Parhizi Neil Tyreman Dirk G. Everaert Sabereh Rezaei Peter Seres J. Christopher Gatenby Steve I. Perlmutter Vivian K. Mushahwar
author_facet	Amirali Toossi Bradley Bergin Maedeh Marefatallah Behdad Parhizi Neil Tyreman Dirk G. Everaert Sabereh Rezaei Peter Seres J. Christopher Gatenby Steve I. Perlmutter Vivian K. Mushahwar
author_sort	Amirali Toossi
title	Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
title_short	Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
title_full	Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
title_fullStr	Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
title_full_unstemmed	Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
title_sort	comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e85050c2238f41af95dfa70e54e09cf2
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Comparative neuroanatomy of the lumbosacral spinal cord of the rat, cat, pig, monkey, and human

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