Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex

Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample...

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Auteurs principaux:	Robert Pellegrino, Michael C. Farruggia, Dana M. Small, Maria G. Veldhuizen
Format:	article
Langue:	EN
Publié:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Sujets:	Medicine R Science Q
Accès en ligne:	https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b55
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-12-02T14:03:46ZPost-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex10.1038/s41598-021-83621-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83621-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex.Robert PellegrinoMichael C. FarruggiaDana M. SmallMaria G. VeldhuizenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
description	Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex.
format	article
author	Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen
author_facet	Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen
author_sort	Robert Pellegrino
title	Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_short	Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_full	Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_fullStr	Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_full_unstemmed	Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_sort	post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b55
work_keys_str_mv	AT robertpellegrino posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT michaelcfarruggia posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT danamsmall posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT mariagveldhuizen posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex
_version_	1718392115393724416

Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex

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