Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample...
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Nature Portfolio
2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-12-02T14:03:46ZPost-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex10.1038/s41598-021-83621-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83621-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex.Robert PellegrinoMichael C. FarruggiaDana M. SmallMaria G. VeldhuizenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021) |
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Medicine R Science Q Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
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Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex. |
format |
article |
author |
Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen |
author_facet |
Robert Pellegrino Michael C. Farruggia Dana M. Small Maria G. Veldhuizen |
author_sort |
Robert Pellegrino |
title |
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
title_short |
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
title_full |
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
title_fullStr |
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
title_full_unstemmed |
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
title_sort |
post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex |
publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b55 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT robertpellegrino posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT michaelcfarruggia posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT danamsmall posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex AT mariagveldhuizen posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex |
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