Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex

Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample...

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Autores principales: Robert Pellegrino, Michael C. Farruggia, Dana M. Small, Maria G. Veldhuizen
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b55
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-12-02T14:03:46ZPost-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex10.1038/s41598-021-83621-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b552021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83621-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex.Robert PellegrinoMichael C. FarruggiaDana M. SmallMaria G. VeldhuizenNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Robert Pellegrino
Michael C. Farruggia
Dana M. Small
Maria G. Veldhuizen
Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
description Abstract Olfactory impairment after a traumatic impact to the head is associated with changes in olfactory cortex, including decreased gray matter density and decreased BOLD response to odors. Much less is known about the role of other cortical areas in olfactory impairment. We used fMRI in a sample of 63 participants, consisting of 25 with post-traumatic functional anosmia, 16 with post-traumatic hyposmia, and 22 healthy controls with normosmia to investigate whole brain response to odors. Similar neural responses were observed across the groups to odor versus odorless stimuli in the primary olfactory areas in piriform cortex, whereas response in the frontal operculum and anterior insula (fO/aI) increased with olfactory function (normosmia > hyposmia > functional anosmia). Unexpectedly, a negative association was observed between response and olfactory perceptual function in the mediodorsal thalamus (mdT), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and posterior cingulate cortex (pCC). Finally, connectivity within a network consisting of vmPFC, fO, and pCC could be used to successfully classify participants as having functional anosmia or normosmia. We conclude that, at the neural level, olfactory impairment due to head trauma is best characterized by heightened responses and differential connectivity in higher-order areas beyond olfactory cortex.
format article
author Robert Pellegrino
Michael C. Farruggia
Dana M. Small
Maria G. Veldhuizen
author_facet Robert Pellegrino
Michael C. Farruggia
Dana M. Small
Maria G. Veldhuizen
author_sort Robert Pellegrino
title Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_short Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_full Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_fullStr Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_full_unstemmed Post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
title_sort post-traumatic olfactory loss and brain response beyond olfactory cortex
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/e87dfc99c52f40c6997d940c30eb8b55
work_keys_str_mv AT robertpellegrino posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex
AT michaelcfarruggia posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex
AT danamsmall posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex
AT mariagveldhuizen posttraumaticolfactorylossandbrainresponsebeyondolfactorycortex
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