Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation

Abstract Dairy farming in tropical climates is challenging as heat stress can impair reproduction in cows. Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of beta-carotene supplementation on bovine reproductive performance. This study was performed in Thailand, where the temperature-humidi...

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Autores principales:	Soparak Khemarach, Saowaluck Yammuen-art, Veerasak Punyapornwithaya, Sutichai Nithithanasilp, Narongrit Jaipolsaen, Siwat Sangsritavong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e889f570b4d24e94aa590f684e757022
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e889f570b4d24e94aa590f684e7570222021-12-05T12:11:42ZImproved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation10.1038/s41598-021-02655-82045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e889f570b4d24e94aa590f684e7570222021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02655-8https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Dairy farming in tropical climates is challenging as heat stress can impair reproduction in cows. Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of beta-carotene supplementation on bovine reproductive performance. This study was performed in Thailand, where the temperature-humidity index (THI) during the experimental periods was measured to range from 78.4 to 86.1. Lactating Holstein cows classified as repeat breeders (previous artificial insemination [AI] failures) were randomly assigned into two treatments, control treatment (T1; received placebo, n = 200) and test treatment (T2; received 400 mg/h/day of beta-carotene, n = 200). All cows were subjected to a protocol for synchronization of ovulation and timed artificial insemination (TAI). The day of the 1st ovulation synchronized protocol was defined as day 0, and the total experimental period was 160 days. Daily placebo or beta-carotene supplements were given orally on day 0 and each subsequent day of the experiment. Diagnosis of pregnancy was performed using ultrasound on day 30 after insemination. Non-pregnant cows were subjected to further ovulation synchronizations (maximum of four) and TAI over a period of 160 days. Milk samples were collected every ten days throughout the experiment. The samples were analyzed for beta-carotene concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The pregnancies per AI of the cows in T2 were significantly greater than that of T1 from the 2nd to 4th TAI. During the entire experimental period, the pregnancies in T2 were significantly greater than that of T1. Cox's proportional hazards regression model data indicated a 44% greater probability of pregnancy for cows receiving beta-carotene. The concentrations of milk beta-carotene in T2 were significantly greater than T1 from the 2nd to 4th TAI. Significantly greater SOD and GPx activities were observed in T2 than T1, suggesting a reduction of oxidative stress in cows treated with beta-carotene. Dietary supplementation with beta-carotene thus improves the reproductive performance of repeat breeders exposed to heat stress, possibly by reducing oxidative stress.Soparak KhemarachSaowaluck Yammuen-artVeerasak PunyapornwithayaSutichai NithithanasilpNarongrit JaipolsaenSiwat SangsritavongNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Soparak Khemarach Saowaluck Yammuen-art Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Sutichai Nithithanasilp Narongrit Jaipolsaen Siwat Sangsritavong Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
description	Abstract Dairy farming in tropical climates is challenging as heat stress can impair reproduction in cows. Previous studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of beta-carotene supplementation on bovine reproductive performance. This study was performed in Thailand, where the temperature-humidity index (THI) during the experimental periods was measured to range from 78.4 to 86.1. Lactating Holstein cows classified as repeat breeders (previous artificial insemination [AI] failures) were randomly assigned into two treatments, control treatment (T1; received placebo, n = 200) and test treatment (T2; received 400 mg/h/day of beta-carotene, n = 200). All cows were subjected to a protocol for synchronization of ovulation and timed artificial insemination (TAI). The day of the 1st ovulation synchronized protocol was defined as day 0, and the total experimental period was 160 days. Daily placebo or beta-carotene supplements were given orally on day 0 and each subsequent day of the experiment. Diagnosis of pregnancy was performed using ultrasound on day 30 after insemination. Non-pregnant cows were subjected to further ovulation synchronizations (maximum of four) and TAI over a period of 160 days. Milk samples were collected every ten days throughout the experiment. The samples were analyzed for beta-carotene concentration, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. The pregnancies per AI of the cows in T2 were significantly greater than that of T1 from the 2nd to 4th TAI. During the entire experimental period, the pregnancies in T2 were significantly greater than that of T1. Cox's proportional hazards regression model data indicated a 44% greater probability of pregnancy for cows receiving beta-carotene. The concentrations of milk beta-carotene in T2 were significantly greater than T1 from the 2nd to 4th TAI. Significantly greater SOD and GPx activities were observed in T2 than T1, suggesting a reduction of oxidative stress in cows treated with beta-carotene. Dietary supplementation with beta-carotene thus improves the reproductive performance of repeat breeders exposed to heat stress, possibly by reducing oxidative stress.
format	article
author	Soparak Khemarach Saowaluck Yammuen-art Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Sutichai Nithithanasilp Narongrit Jaipolsaen Siwat Sangsritavong
author_facet	Soparak Khemarach Saowaluck Yammuen-art Veerasak Punyapornwithaya Sutichai Nithithanasilp Narongrit Jaipolsaen Siwat Sangsritavong
author_sort	Soparak Khemarach
title	Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
title_short	Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
title_full	Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
title_fullStr	Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
title_full_unstemmed	Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
title_sort	improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e889f570b4d24e94aa590f684e757022
work_keys_str_mv	AT soparakkhemarach improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation AT saowaluckyammuenart improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation AT veerasakpunyapornwithaya improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation AT sutichainithithanasilp improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation AT narongritjaipolsaen improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation AT siwatsangsritavong improvedreproductiveperformanceachievedintropicaldairycowsbydietarybetacarotenesupplementation
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Improved reproductive performance achieved in tropical dairy cows by dietary beta-carotene supplementation

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