Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety

Satomi Onoue,1 Shizuo Yamada,1 Hak-Kim Chan2 1Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; 2Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: To date, var...

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Autores principales:	Onoue S, Yamada S, Chan HK
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2014
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e89dfc7e040445d1bde20985245ed562
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e89dfc7e040445d1bde20985245ed5622021-12-02T01:08:09ZNanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety1178-2013https://doaj.org/article/e89dfc7e040445d1bde20985245ed5622014-02-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/nanodrugs-pharmacokinetics-and-safety-a15897https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013 Satomi Onoue,1 Shizuo Yamada,1 Hak-Kim Chan2 1Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; 2Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: To date, various nanodrug systems have been developed for different routes of administration, which include dendrimers, nanocrystals, emulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles. Nanodrug systems have been employed to improve the efficacy, safety, physicochemical properties, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of pharmaceutical substances. In particular, functionalized nanodrug systems can offer enhanced bioavailability of orally taken drugs, prolonged half-life of injected drugs (by reducing immunogenicity), and targeted delivery to specific tissues. Thus, nanodrug systems might lower the frequency of administration while providing maximized pharmacological effects and minimized systemic side effects, possibly leading to better therapeutic compliance and clinical outcomes. In spite of these attractive pharmacokinetic advantages, recent attention has been drawn to the toxic potential of nanodrugs since they often exhibit in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity. A better understanding of the pharmacokinetic and safety characteristics of nanodrugs and the limitations of each delivery option is necessary for the further development of efficacious nanodrugs with high therapeutic potential and a wide safety margin. This review highlights the recent progress in nanodrug system development, with a focus on the pharmacokinetic advantages and safety challenges. Keywords: nanoparticles, nanotechnology, nanotoxicity, solubilization, targeted deliveryOnoue SYamada SChan HKDove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2014, Iss Issue 1, Pp 1025-1037 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Onoue S Yamada S Chan HK Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
description	Satomi Onoue,1 Shizuo Yamada,1 Hak-Kim Chan2 1Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan; 2Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia Abstract: To date, various nanodrug systems have been developed for different routes of administration, which include dendrimers, nanocrystals, emulsions, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, micelles, and polymeric nanoparticles. Nanodrug systems have been employed to improve the efficacy, safety, physicochemical properties, and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile of pharmaceutical substances. In particular, functionalized nanodrug systems can offer enhanced bioavailability of orally taken drugs, prolonged half-life of injected drugs (by reducing immunogenicity), and targeted delivery to specific tissues. Thus, nanodrug systems might lower the frequency of administration while providing maximized pharmacological effects and minimized systemic side effects, possibly leading to better therapeutic compliance and clinical outcomes. In spite of these attractive pharmacokinetic advantages, recent attention has been drawn to the toxic potential of nanodrugs since they often exhibit in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genotoxicity. A better understanding of the pharmacokinetic and safety characteristics of nanodrugs and the limitations of each delivery option is necessary for the further development of efficacious nanodrugs with high therapeutic potential and a wide safety margin. This review highlights the recent progress in nanodrug system development, with a focus on the pharmacokinetic advantages and safety challenges. Keywords: nanoparticles, nanotechnology, nanotoxicity, solubilization, targeted delivery
format	article
author	Onoue S Yamada S Chan HK
author_facet	Onoue S Yamada S Chan HK
author_sort	Onoue S
title	Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
title_short	Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
title_full	Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
title_fullStr	Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
title_full_unstemmed	Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
title_sort	nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/e89dfc7e040445d1bde20985245ed562
work_keys_str_mv	AT onoues nanodrugspharmacokineticsandsafety AT yamadas nanodrugspharmacokineticsandsafety AT chanhk nanodrugspharmacokineticsandsafety
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Nanodrugs: pharmacokinetics and safety

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