Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition

Abstract Gaze sensitivity allows us to interpret the visual perspective of others, inferring their intentions and attentional states. In order to clarify the evolutionary history of this ability, we assessed the response of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to human gaze in three conte...

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Autores principales:	Alba Castellano-Navarro, Emilio Macanás-Martínez, Zhihong Xu, Federico Guillén-Salazar, Andrew J. J. MacIntosh, Federica Amici, Anna Albiach-Serrano
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e8a4ce912cc6443daeb21d31ebb6aaa1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e8a4ce912cc6443daeb21d31ebb6aaa12021-12-02T15:53:59ZJapanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition10.1038/s41598-021-84250-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e8a4ce912cc6443daeb21d31ebb6aaa12021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84250-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Gaze sensitivity allows us to interpret the visual perspective of others, inferring their intentions and attentional states. In order to clarify the evolutionary history of this ability, we assessed the response of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to human gaze in three contexts: threat (Experiment 1), cooperation (Experiment 2), and competition (Experiment 3). Subjects interpreted the direct gaze of an approaching human as a sign of threat, showing a greater flight initiation distance and more threats towards the human in this condition than when the human gazed in another direction. Subjects also adapted their behavior to the attentional cues of a human who gave them food, by for example moving into his visual field. However, the macaques did not seem to take the visual perspective of a human competing with them over food, as they failed to first retrieve the food that was not visible to the human (i.e., located behind an opaque barrier). Our results support the idea that Japanese macaques can respond to a human’s gaze flexibly depending on the context. Moreover, they highlight the importance of studying animal behavior across different species and contexts to better understand the selective pressures that might have led to its evolution.Alba Castellano-NavarroEmilio Macanás-MartínezZhihong XuFederico Guillén-SalazarAndrew J. J. MacIntoshFederica AmiciAnna Albiach-SerranoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Alba Castellano-Navarro Emilio Macanás-Martínez Zhihong Xu Federico Guillén-Salazar Andrew J. J. MacIntosh Federica Amici Anna Albiach-Serrano Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
description	Abstract Gaze sensitivity allows us to interpret the visual perspective of others, inferring their intentions and attentional states. In order to clarify the evolutionary history of this ability, we assessed the response of free-ranging Japanese macaques (Macaca fuscata) to human gaze in three contexts: threat (Experiment 1), cooperation (Experiment 2), and competition (Experiment 3). Subjects interpreted the direct gaze of an approaching human as a sign of threat, showing a greater flight initiation distance and more threats towards the human in this condition than when the human gazed in another direction. Subjects also adapted their behavior to the attentional cues of a human who gave them food, by for example moving into his visual field. However, the macaques did not seem to take the visual perspective of a human competing with them over food, as they failed to first retrieve the food that was not visible to the human (i.e., located behind an opaque barrier). Our results support the idea that Japanese macaques can respond to a human’s gaze flexibly depending on the context. Moreover, they highlight the importance of studying animal behavior across different species and contexts to better understand the selective pressures that might have led to its evolution.
format	article
author	Alba Castellano-Navarro Emilio Macanás-Martínez Zhihong Xu Federico Guillén-Salazar Andrew J. J. MacIntosh Federica Amici Anna Albiach-Serrano
author_facet	Alba Castellano-Navarro Emilio Macanás-Martínez Zhihong Xu Federico Guillén-Salazar Andrew J. J. MacIntosh Federica Amici Anna Albiach-Serrano
author_sort	Alba Castellano-Navarro
title	Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
title_short	Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
title_full	Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
title_fullStr	Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
title_full_unstemmed	Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
title_sort	japanese macaques’ (macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e8a4ce912cc6443daeb21d31ebb6aaa1
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Japanese Macaques’ (Macaca fuscata) sensitivity to human gaze and visual perspective in contexts of threat, cooperation, and competition

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