A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model

Abstract Abdominal injury is a frequent cause of death for trauma patients, and early recognition is essential to limit fatalities. There is a need for a wearable sensor system for prehospital settings that can detect and monitor bleeding in the abdomen (hemoperitoneum). This study evaluates the pot...

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Autores principales:	Stefan Candefjord, Linh Nguyen, Ruben Buendia, Marianne Oropeza-Moe, Nina Gjerde Andersen, Andreas Fhager, Mikael Persson, Mikael Elam, Nils Petter Oveland
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e8c9c1f168134d0fa2273d1b0c423c58
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e8c9c1f168134d0fa2273d1b0c423c582021-12-05T12:15:04ZA wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model10.1038/s41598-021-02008-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e8c9c1f168134d0fa2273d1b0c423c582021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-02008-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Abdominal injury is a frequent cause of death for trauma patients, and early recognition is essential to limit fatalities. There is a need for a wearable sensor system for prehospital settings that can detect and monitor bleeding in the abdomen (hemoperitoneum). This study evaluates the potential for microwave technology to fill that gap. A simple prototype of a wearable microwave sensor was constructed using eight antennas. A realistic porcine model of hemoperitoneum was developed using anesthetized pigs. Ten animals were measured at healthy state and at two sizes of bleeding. Statistical tests and a machine learning method were used to evaluate blood detection sensitivity. All subjects presented similar changes due to accumulation of blood, which dampened the microwave signal ( $$p < 0.05$$ p < 0.05 ). The machine learning analysis yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.93, showing 100% sensitivity at 90% specificity. Large inter-individual variability of the healthy state signal complicated differentiation of bleedings from healthy state. A wearable microwave instrument has potential for accurate detection and monitoring of hemoperitoneum, with automated analysis making the instrument easy-to-use. Future hardware development is necessary to suppress measurement system variability and enable detection of smaller bleedings.Stefan CandefjordLinh NguyenRuben BuendiaMarianne Oropeza-MoeNina Gjerde AndersenAndreas FhagerMikael PerssonMikael ElamNils Petter OvelandNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Stefan Candefjord Linh Nguyen Ruben Buendia Marianne Oropeza-Moe Nina Gjerde Andersen Andreas Fhager Mikael Persson Mikael Elam Nils Petter Oveland A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
description	Abstract Abdominal injury is a frequent cause of death for trauma patients, and early recognition is essential to limit fatalities. There is a need for a wearable sensor system for prehospital settings that can detect and monitor bleeding in the abdomen (hemoperitoneum). This study evaluates the potential for microwave technology to fill that gap. A simple prototype of a wearable microwave sensor was constructed using eight antennas. A realistic porcine model of hemoperitoneum was developed using anesthetized pigs. Ten animals were measured at healthy state and at two sizes of bleeding. Statistical tests and a machine learning method were used to evaluate blood detection sensitivity. All subjects presented similar changes due to accumulation of blood, which dampened the microwave signal ( $$p < 0.05$$ p < 0.05 ). The machine learning analysis yielded an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) of 0.93, showing 100% sensitivity at 90% specificity. Large inter-individual variability of the healthy state signal complicated differentiation of bleedings from healthy state. A wearable microwave instrument has potential for accurate detection and monitoring of hemoperitoneum, with automated analysis making the instrument easy-to-use. Future hardware development is necessary to suppress measurement system variability and enable detection of smaller bleedings.
format	article
author	Stefan Candefjord Linh Nguyen Ruben Buendia Marianne Oropeza-Moe Nina Gjerde Andersen Andreas Fhager Mikael Persson Mikael Elam Nils Petter Oveland
author_facet	Stefan Candefjord Linh Nguyen Ruben Buendia Marianne Oropeza-Moe Nina Gjerde Andersen Andreas Fhager Mikael Persson Mikael Elam Nils Petter Oveland
author_sort	Stefan Candefjord
title	A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
title_short	A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
title_full	A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
title_fullStr	A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
title_full_unstemmed	A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
title_sort	wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e8c9c1f168134d0fa2273d1b0c423c58
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A wearable microwave instrument can detect and monitor traumatic abdominal injuries in a porcine model

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