A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine

Obesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlat...

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Autores principales:	Courtney K. Brock, Katherine L. Hebert, Maria Artiles, Maryl K. Wright, Thomas Cheng, Gabrielle O. Windsor, Khoa Nguyen, Madlin S. Alzoubi, Bridgette M. Collins-Burow, Elizabeth C. Martin, Frank H. Lau, Bruce A. Bunnell, Matthew E. Burow
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	breast cancer tumor microenvironment adipocyte adipose stem cell obesity regenerative medicine Physiology QP1-981
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e8fcf6d623ef444a9ddaff1e467c2c8e
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e8fcf6d623ef444a9ddaff1e467c2c8e2021-12-01T13:46:17ZA Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine1664-042X10.3389/fphys.2021.751239https://doaj.org/article/e8fcf6d623ef444a9ddaff1e467c2c8e2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphys.2021.751239/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-042XObesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlation between obesity and poor outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to examine the obesity-related alterations to the normal stroma and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) are major components of breast tissue stroma that have essential functions in both physiological and pathological states, including energy storage and metabolic homeostasis, physical support of breast epithelial cells, and directing inflammatory and wound healing responses through secreted factors. However, these processes can become dysregulated in both metabolic disorders, such as obesity and also in the context of breast cancer. Given the well-established obesity-neoplasia axis, it is critical to understand how interactions between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment, including adipocytes and ASCs, govern carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and ultimately metastasis. ASCs and adipocytes have multifactorial roles in cancer progression; however, due to the plastic nature of these cells, they also have a role in regenerative medicine, making them promising tools for tissue engineering. At the physiological level, the interactions between obesity and breast cancer have been examined; here, we will delineate the mechanisms that regulate ASCs and adipocytes in these different contexts through interactions between cancer cells, immune cells, and other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment. We will define the current state of understanding of how adipocytes and ASCs contribute to tumor progression through their role in the tumor microenvironment and how this is altered in the context of obesity. We will also introduce recent developments in utilizing adipocytes and ASCs in novel approaches to breast reconstruction and regenerative medicine.Courtney K. BrockKatherine L. HebertMaria ArtilesMaryl K. WrightThomas ChengGabrielle O. WindsorKhoa NguyenMadlin S. AlzoubiBridgette M. Collins-BurowElizabeth C. MartinFrank H. LauBruce A. BunnellMatthew E. BurowFrontiers Media S.A.articlebreast cancertumor microenvironmentadipocyteadipose stem cellobesityregenerative medicinePhysiologyQP1-981ENFrontiers in Physiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	breast cancer tumor microenvironment adipocyte adipose stem cell obesity regenerative medicine Physiology QP1-981
spellingShingle	breast cancer tumor microenvironment adipocyte adipose stem cell obesity regenerative medicine Physiology QP1-981 Courtney K. Brock Katherine L. Hebert Maria Artiles Maryl K. Wright Thomas Cheng Gabrielle O. Windsor Khoa Nguyen Madlin S. Alzoubi Bridgette M. Collins-Burow Elizabeth C. Martin Frank H. Lau Bruce A. Bunnell Matthew E. Burow A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
description	Obesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlation between obesity and poor outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to examine the obesity-related alterations to the normal stroma and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) are major components of breast tissue stroma that have essential functions in both physiological and pathological states, including energy storage and metabolic homeostasis, physical support of breast epithelial cells, and directing inflammatory and wound healing responses through secreted factors. However, these processes can become dysregulated in both metabolic disorders, such as obesity and also in the context of breast cancer. Given the well-established obesity-neoplasia axis, it is critical to understand how interactions between different cell types in the tumor microenvironment, including adipocytes and ASCs, govern carcinogenesis, tumorigenesis, and ultimately metastasis. ASCs and adipocytes have multifactorial roles in cancer progression; however, due to the plastic nature of these cells, they also have a role in regenerative medicine, making them promising tools for tissue engineering. At the physiological level, the interactions between obesity and breast cancer have been examined; here, we will delineate the mechanisms that regulate ASCs and adipocytes in these different contexts through interactions between cancer cells, immune cells, and other cell types present in the tumor microenvironment. We will define the current state of understanding of how adipocytes and ASCs contribute to tumor progression through their role in the tumor microenvironment and how this is altered in the context of obesity. We will also introduce recent developments in utilizing adipocytes and ASCs in novel approaches to breast reconstruction and regenerative medicine.
format	article
author	Courtney K. Brock Katherine L. Hebert Maria Artiles Maryl K. Wright Thomas Cheng Gabrielle O. Windsor Khoa Nguyen Madlin S. Alzoubi Bridgette M. Collins-Burow Elizabeth C. Martin Frank H. Lau Bruce A. Bunnell Matthew E. Burow
author_facet	Courtney K. Brock Katherine L. Hebert Maria Artiles Maryl K. Wright Thomas Cheng Gabrielle O. Windsor Khoa Nguyen Madlin S. Alzoubi Bridgette M. Collins-Burow Elizabeth C. Martin Frank H. Lau Bruce A. Bunnell Matthew E. Burow
author_sort	Courtney K. Brock
title	A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
title_short	A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
title_full	A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
title_fullStr	A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
title_full_unstemmed	A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine
title_sort	role for adipocytes and adipose stem cells in the breast tumor microenvironment and regenerative medicine
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e8fcf6d623ef444a9ddaff1e467c2c8e
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A Role for Adipocytes and Adipose Stem Cells in the Breast Tumor Microenvironment and Regenerative Medicine

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