Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression.
Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are associated with chronic skin infections and are orders of magnitude more resistant to antimicrobials and host responses. S. aureus contains conserved nonribosomal peptide synthetases that produce the cyclic dipeptides tyrvalin and phevalin (aureusimine A and B, res...
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2012
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oai:doaj.org-article:e8fec58d4d754c1db632c5dc357ec1ae2021-11-18T07:12:29ZPhevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0040973https://doaj.org/article/e8fec58d4d754c1db632c5dc357ec1ae2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22808288/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are associated with chronic skin infections and are orders of magnitude more resistant to antimicrobials and host responses. S. aureus contains conserved nonribosomal peptide synthetases that produce the cyclic dipeptides tyrvalin and phevalin (aureusimine A and B, respectively). The biological function of these compounds has been speculated to be involved in virulence factor gene expression in S. aureus, protease inhibition in eukaryotic cells, and interspecies bacterial communication. However, the exact biological role of these compounds is unknown. Here, we report that S. aureus biofilms produce greater amounts of phevalin than their planktonic counterparts. Phevalin had no obvious impact on the extracellular metabolome of S. aureus as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. When administered to human keratinocytes, phevalin had a modest effect on gene expression. However, conditioned medium from S. aureus spiked with phevalin amplified differences in keratinocyte gene expression compared to conditioned medium alone. Phevalin may be exploited as potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for chronic, S. aureus biofilm-based infections.Patrick R SecorLaura K JenningsGarth A JamesKelly R KirkerElinor Delancey PulciniKate McInnerneyRobin GerlachTom LivinghouseJonathan K HilmerBrian BothnerPhilip FleckmanJohn E OlerudPhilip S StewartPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 7, p e40973 (2012) |
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DOAJ |
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EN |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Patrick R Secor Laura K Jennings Garth A James Kelly R Kirker Elinor Delancey Pulcini Kate McInnerney Robin Gerlach Tom Livinghouse Jonathan K Hilmer Brian Bothner Philip Fleckman John E Olerud Philip S Stewart Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| description |
Staphylococcus aureus biofilms are associated with chronic skin infections and are orders of magnitude more resistant to antimicrobials and host responses. S. aureus contains conserved nonribosomal peptide synthetases that produce the cyclic dipeptides tyrvalin and phevalin (aureusimine A and B, respectively). The biological function of these compounds has been speculated to be involved in virulence factor gene expression in S. aureus, protease inhibition in eukaryotic cells, and interspecies bacterial communication. However, the exact biological role of these compounds is unknown. Here, we report that S. aureus biofilms produce greater amounts of phevalin than their planktonic counterparts. Phevalin had no obvious impact on the extracellular metabolome of S. aureus as measured by high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. When administered to human keratinocytes, phevalin had a modest effect on gene expression. However, conditioned medium from S. aureus spiked with phevalin amplified differences in keratinocyte gene expression compared to conditioned medium alone. Phevalin may be exploited as potential biomarker and/or therapeutic target for chronic, S. aureus biofilm-based infections. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Patrick R Secor Laura K Jennings Garth A James Kelly R Kirker Elinor Delancey Pulcini Kate McInnerney Robin Gerlach Tom Livinghouse Jonathan K Hilmer Brian Bothner Philip Fleckman John E Olerud Philip S Stewart |
| author_facet |
Patrick R Secor Laura K Jennings Garth A James Kelly R Kirker Elinor Delancey Pulcini Kate McInnerney Robin Gerlach Tom Livinghouse Jonathan K Hilmer Brian Bothner Philip Fleckman John E Olerud Philip S Stewart |
| author_sort |
Patrick R Secor |
| title |
Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| title_short |
Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| title_full |
Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| title_fullStr |
Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Phevalin (aureusimine B) production by Staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| title_sort |
phevalin (aureusimine b) production by staphylococcus aureus biofilm and impacts on human keratinocyte gene expression. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/e8fec58d4d754c1db632c5dc357ec1ae |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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