Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.

One of the most contentious topics in cognitive science concerns the impact of bilingualism on cognitive functions and neural resources. Research on executive functions has shown that bilinguals often perform better than monolinguals in tasks that require monitoring and inhibiting automatic response...

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Autores principales:	Evelina Leivada, Natalia Mitrofanova, Marit Westergaard
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e90b99ec7d8b462192137b4d16e86a74
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:e90b99ec7d8b462192137b4d16e86a74
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e90b99ec7d8b462192137b4d16e86a742021-12-02T20:04:42ZBilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0256173https://doaj.org/article/e90b99ec7d8b462192137b4d16e86a742021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256173https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203One of the most contentious topics in cognitive science concerns the impact of bilingualism on cognitive functions and neural resources. Research on executive functions has shown that bilinguals often perform better than monolinguals in tasks that require monitoring and inhibiting automatic responses. The robustness of this effect is a matter of an ongoing debate, with both sides approaching bilingual cognition mainly through measuring abilities that fall outside the core domain of language processing. However, the mental juggling that bilinguals perform daily involves language. This study takes a novel path to bilingual cognition by comparing the performance of monolinguals and bilinguals in a timed task that features a special category of stimulus, which has the peculiar ability to manipulate the cognitive parser into treating it as well-formed while it is not: grammatical illusions. The results reveal that bilinguals outperform monolinguals in detecting illusions, but they are also slower across the board in judging the stimuli, illusory or not. We capture this trade-off by proposing the Plurilingual Adaptive Trade-off Hypothesis (PATH), according to which the adaptation of bilinguals' cognitive abilities may (i) decrease fallibility to illusions by means of recruiting sharpened top-down control processes, but (ii) this is part of a larger bundle of effects, not all of which are necessarily advantageous.Evelina LeivadaNatalia MitrofanovaMarit WestergaardPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 9, p e0256173 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Evelina Leivada Natalia Mitrofanova Marit Westergaard Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
description	One of the most contentious topics in cognitive science concerns the impact of bilingualism on cognitive functions and neural resources. Research on executive functions has shown that bilinguals often perform better than monolinguals in tasks that require monitoring and inhibiting automatic responses. The robustness of this effect is a matter of an ongoing debate, with both sides approaching bilingual cognition mainly through measuring abilities that fall outside the core domain of language processing. However, the mental juggling that bilinguals perform daily involves language. This study takes a novel path to bilingual cognition by comparing the performance of monolinguals and bilinguals in a timed task that features a special category of stimulus, which has the peculiar ability to manipulate the cognitive parser into treating it as well-formed while it is not: grammatical illusions. The results reveal that bilinguals outperform monolinguals in detecting illusions, but they are also slower across the board in judging the stimuli, illusory or not. We capture this trade-off by proposing the Plurilingual Adaptive Trade-off Hypothesis (PATH), according to which the adaptation of bilinguals' cognitive abilities may (i) decrease fallibility to illusions by means of recruiting sharpened top-down control processes, but (ii) this is part of a larger bundle of effects, not all of which are necessarily advantageous.
format	article
author	Evelina Leivada Natalia Mitrofanova Marit Westergaard
author_facet	Evelina Leivada Natalia Mitrofanova Marit Westergaard
author_sort	Evelina Leivada
title	Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
title_short	Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
title_full	Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
title_fullStr	Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
title_full_unstemmed	Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
title_sort	bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e90b99ec7d8b462192137b4d16e86a74
work_keys_str_mv	AT evelinaleivada bilingualsarebetterthanmonolingualsindetectingmanipulativediscourse AT nataliamitrofanova bilingualsarebetterthanmonolingualsindetectingmanipulativediscourse AT maritwestergaard bilingualsarebetterthanmonolingualsindetectingmanipulativediscourse
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Bilinguals are better than monolinguals in detecting manipulative discourse.

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