Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid

Abstract Canine parvovirus type II (CPV-2) infection induces canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE), which in turn promotes sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Mortality in this disease is usually registered within 48–72 h post-hospitalization, the critical period of the illness. I...

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Autores principales:	Adriana I. Muñoz, Luis Vallejo-Castillo, Ana Fragozo, Said Vázquez-Leyva, Lenin Pavón, Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez, Rodolfo Soria-Castro, Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez, Laura Cobos-Marin, Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e923e601e7de4d4dbaa115cdd2eb1be8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e923e601e7de4d4dbaa115cdd2eb1be82021-12-02T18:37:08ZIncreased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid10.1038/s41598-021-99357-y2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/e923e601e7de4d4dbaa115cdd2eb1be82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99357-yhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Canine parvovirus type II (CPV-2) infection induces canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE), which in turn promotes sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Mortality in this disease is usually registered within 48–72 h post-hospitalization, the critical period of the illness. It has been recently described that the use of an immunomodulator, whose major component is monomeric ubiquitin (mUb) without the last two glycine residues (Ub∆GG), in pediatric human patients with sepsis augments survival. It is known that CXCR4 is the cell receptor of extracellular ubiquitin in humans. This work aimed to explore the effect of one immunomodulator (human Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract-hDLE) as a therapeutic auxiliary in puppies with sepsis and SIRS induced by CPE. We studied two groups of puppies with CPV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The first group received conventional treatment (CT) and vehicle (V), while the second group received CT plus the immunomodulator (I). We assessed both groups' survival, clinical condition, number of erythrocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes during the hospitalization period. In addition, hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma proteins and cortisol values, as well as norepinephrine/epinephrine and serotonin concentration were determined. Puppies treated with CT + I showed 81% survival, mild clinical signs, and a significant decrease in circulating neutrophils and lymphocytes in the critical period of the treatment. In contrast, the CT + V group presented a survival of 42%, severe clinical status, and no improvement of the parameters evaluated in the critical period of the disease. We determined in silico that human Ub∆GG can bind to dog CXCR4. In conclusion, the administration of a human immunomodulator (0.5 mg/day × 5 days) to puppies with CPE under six months of age reduces the severity of clinical signs, increases survival, and modulates inflammatory cell parameters. Further studies are necessary to take full advantage of these clinical findings, which might be mediated by the human Ub∆GG to canine CXCR4 interaction.Adriana I. MuñozLuis Vallejo-CastilloAna FragozoSaid Vázquez-LeyvaLenin PavónGilberto Pérez-SánchezRodolfo Soria-CastroGabriela Mellado-SánchezLaura Cobos-MarinSonia Mayra Pérez-TapiaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Adriana I. Muñoz Luis Vallejo-Castillo Ana Fragozo Said Vázquez-Leyva Lenin Pavón Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Rodolfo Soria-Castro Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez Laura Cobos-Marin Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
description	Abstract Canine parvovirus type II (CPV-2) infection induces canine parvoviral enteritis (CPE), which in turn promotes sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Mortality in this disease is usually registered within 48–72 h post-hospitalization, the critical period of the illness. It has been recently described that the use of an immunomodulator, whose major component is monomeric ubiquitin (mUb) without the last two glycine residues (Ub∆GG), in pediatric human patients with sepsis augments survival. It is known that CXCR4 is the cell receptor of extracellular ubiquitin in humans. This work aimed to explore the effect of one immunomodulator (human Dialyzable Leukocyte Extract-hDLE) as a therapeutic auxiliary in puppies with sepsis and SIRS induced by CPE. We studied two groups of puppies with CPV-2 infection confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The first group received conventional treatment (CT) and vehicle (V), while the second group received CT plus the immunomodulator (I). We assessed both groups' survival, clinical condition, number of erythrocytes, neutrophils, and lymphocytes during the hospitalization period. In addition, hematocrit, hemoglobin, plasma proteins and cortisol values, as well as norepinephrine/epinephrine and serotonin concentration were determined. Puppies treated with CT + I showed 81% survival, mild clinical signs, and a significant decrease in circulating neutrophils and lymphocytes in the critical period of the treatment. In contrast, the CT + V group presented a survival of 42%, severe clinical status, and no improvement of the parameters evaluated in the critical period of the disease. We determined in silico that human Ub∆GG can bind to dog CXCR4. In conclusion, the administration of a human immunomodulator (0.5 mg/day × 5 days) to puppies with CPE under six months of age reduces the severity of clinical signs, increases survival, and modulates inflammatory cell parameters. Further studies are necessary to take full advantage of these clinical findings, which might be mediated by the human Ub∆GG to canine CXCR4 interaction.
format	article
author	Adriana I. Muñoz Luis Vallejo-Castillo Ana Fragozo Said Vázquez-Leyva Lenin Pavón Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Rodolfo Soria-Castro Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez Laura Cobos-Marin Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
author_facet	Adriana I. Muñoz Luis Vallejo-Castillo Ana Fragozo Said Vázquez-Leyva Lenin Pavón Gilberto Pérez-Sánchez Rodolfo Soria-Castro Gabriela Mellado-Sánchez Laura Cobos-Marin Sonia Mayra Pérez-Tapia
author_sort	Adriana I. Muñoz
title	Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
title_short	Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
title_full	Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
title_fullStr	Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
title_full_unstemmed	Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
title_sort	increased survival in puppies affected by canine parvovirus type ii using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e923e601e7de4d4dbaa115cdd2eb1be8
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Increased survival in puppies affected by Canine Parvovirus type II using an immunomodulator as a therapeutic aid

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