UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.

A variety of animal species utilize the ultraviolet (UV) component of sunlight as their environmental cues, whereas physiological roles of UV photoreception in mammals, especially in human beings, remain open questions. Here we report that mouse neuropsin (OPN5) encoded by the Opn5 gene exhibited an...

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Autores principales:	Daisuke Kojima, Suguru Mori, Masaki Torii, Akimori Wada, Rika Morishita, Yoshitaka Fukada
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e92780abc6684eaca8e24590ba803dcc
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e92780abc6684eaca8e24590ba803dcc2021-11-18T07:36:22ZUV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0026388https://doaj.org/article/e92780abc6684eaca8e24590ba803dcc2011-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22043319/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203A variety of animal species utilize the ultraviolet (UV) component of sunlight as their environmental cues, whereas physiological roles of UV photoreception in mammals, especially in human beings, remain open questions. Here we report that mouse neuropsin (OPN5) encoded by the Opn5 gene exhibited an absorption maximum (λmax) at 380 nm when reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal. Upon UV-light illumination, OPN5 was converted to a blue-absorbing photoproduct (λmax 470 nm), which was stable in the dark and reverted to the UV-absorbing state by the subsequent orange light illumination, indicating its bistable nature. Human OPN5 also had an absorption maximum at 380 nm with spectral properties similar to mouse OPN5, revealing that OPN5 is the first and hitherto unknown human opsin with peak sensitivity in the UV region. OPN5 was capable of activating heterotrimeric G protein Gi in a UV-dependent manner. Immuno-blotting analyses of mouse tissue extracts identified the retina, the brain and, unexpectedly, the outer ears as the major sites of OPN5 expression. In the tissue sections of mice, OPN5 immuno-reactivities were detected in a subset of non-rod/non-cone retinal neurons as well as in the epidermal and muscle cells of the outer ears. Most of these OPN5-immuno-reactivities in mice were co-localized with positive signals for the alpha-subunit of Gi. These results demonstrate the first example of UV photoreceptor in human beings and strongly suggest that OPN5 triggers a UV-sensitive Gi-mediated signaling pathway in the mammalian tissues.Daisuke KojimaSuguru MoriMasaki ToriiAkimori WadaRika MorishitaYoshitaka FukadaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 10, p e26388 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Daisuke Kojima Suguru Mori Masaki Torii Akimori Wada Rika Morishita Yoshitaka Fukada UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
description	A variety of animal species utilize the ultraviolet (UV) component of sunlight as their environmental cues, whereas physiological roles of UV photoreception in mammals, especially in human beings, remain open questions. Here we report that mouse neuropsin (OPN5) encoded by the Opn5 gene exhibited an absorption maximum (λmax) at 380 nm when reconstituted with 11-cis-retinal. Upon UV-light illumination, OPN5 was converted to a blue-absorbing photoproduct (λmax 470 nm), which was stable in the dark and reverted to the UV-absorbing state by the subsequent orange light illumination, indicating its bistable nature. Human OPN5 also had an absorption maximum at 380 nm with spectral properties similar to mouse OPN5, revealing that OPN5 is the first and hitherto unknown human opsin with peak sensitivity in the UV region. OPN5 was capable of activating heterotrimeric G protein Gi in a UV-dependent manner. Immuno-blotting analyses of mouse tissue extracts identified the retina, the brain and, unexpectedly, the outer ears as the major sites of OPN5 expression. In the tissue sections of mice, OPN5 immuno-reactivities were detected in a subset of non-rod/non-cone retinal neurons as well as in the epidermal and muscle cells of the outer ears. Most of these OPN5-immuno-reactivities in mice were co-localized with positive signals for the alpha-subunit of Gi. These results demonstrate the first example of UV photoreceptor in human beings and strongly suggest that OPN5 triggers a UV-sensitive Gi-mediated signaling pathway in the mammalian tissues.
format	article
author	Daisuke Kojima Suguru Mori Masaki Torii Akimori Wada Rika Morishita Yoshitaka Fukada
author_facet	Daisuke Kojima Suguru Mori Masaki Torii Akimori Wada Rika Morishita Yoshitaka Fukada
author_sort	Daisuke Kojima
title	UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
title_short	UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
title_full	UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
title_fullStr	UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
title_full_unstemmed	UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.
title_sort	uv-sensitive photoreceptor protein opn5 in humans and mice.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/e92780abc6684eaca8e24590ba803dcc
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UV-sensitive photoreceptor protein OPN5 in humans and mice.

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