Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.

Odd-nosed monkeys represent one of the two major groups of Asian colobines. Our knowledge about this primate group is still limited as it is highlighted by the recent discovery of a new species in Northern Myanmar. Although a common origin of the group is now widely accepted, the phylogenetic relati...

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Autores principales:	Rasmus Liedigk, Mouyu Yang, Nina G Jablonski, Frank Momberg, Thomas Geissmann, Ngwe Lwin, Tony Htin Hla, Zhijin Liu, Bruce Wong, Li Ming, Long Yongcheng, Ya-Ping Zhang, Tilo Nadler, Dietmar Zinner, Christian Roos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e959c2fc20a1461db3ac0151d581e1a9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e959c2fc20a1461db3ac0151d581e1a92021-11-18T07:18:26ZEvolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0037418https://doaj.org/article/e959c2fc20a1461db3ac0151d581e1a92012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/22616004/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Odd-nosed monkeys represent one of the two major groups of Asian colobines. Our knowledge about this primate group is still limited as it is highlighted by the recent discovery of a new species in Northern Myanmar. Although a common origin of the group is now widely accepted, the phylogenetic relationships among its genera and species, and the biogeographic processes leading to their current distribution are largely unknown. To address these issues, we have analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes and 12 nuclear loci, including one X chromosomal, six Y chromosomal and five autosomal loci, from all ten odd-nosed monkey species. The gene tree topologies and divergence age estimates derived from different markers were highly similar, but differed in placing various species or haplogroups within the genera Rhinopithecus and Pygathrix. Based on our data, Rhinopithecus represent the most basal lineage, and Nasalis and Simias form closely related sister taxa, suggesting a Northern origin of odd-nosed monkeys and a later invasion into Indochina and Sundaland. According to our divergence age estimates, the lineages leading to the genera Rhinopithecus, Pygathrix and Nasalis+Simias originated in the late Miocene, while differentiation events within these genera and also the split between Nasalis and Simias occurred in the Pleistocene. Observed gene tree discordances between mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, and paraphylies in the mitochondrial dataset for some species of the genera Rhinopithecus and Pygathrix suggest secondary gene flow after the taxa initially diverged. Most likely such events were triggered by dramatic changes in geology and climate within the region. Overall, our study provides the most comprehensive view on odd-nosed monkey evolution and emphasizes that data from differentially inherited markers are crucial to better understand evolutionary relationships and to trace secondary gene flow.Rasmus LiedigkMouyu YangNina G JablonskiFrank MombergThomas GeissmannNgwe LwinTony Htin HlaZhijin LiuBruce WongLi MingLong YongchengYa-Ping ZhangTilo NadlerDietmar ZinnerChristian RoosPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 5, p e37418 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rasmus Liedigk Mouyu Yang Nina G Jablonski Frank Momberg Thomas Geissmann Ngwe Lwin Tony Htin Hla Zhijin Liu Bruce Wong Li Ming Long Yongcheng Ya-Ping Zhang Tilo Nadler Dietmar Zinner Christian Roos Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
description	Odd-nosed monkeys represent one of the two major groups of Asian colobines. Our knowledge about this primate group is still limited as it is highlighted by the recent discovery of a new species in Northern Myanmar. Although a common origin of the group is now widely accepted, the phylogenetic relationships among its genera and species, and the biogeographic processes leading to their current distribution are largely unknown. To address these issues, we have analyzed complete mitochondrial genomes and 12 nuclear loci, including one X chromosomal, six Y chromosomal and five autosomal loci, from all ten odd-nosed monkey species. The gene tree topologies and divergence age estimates derived from different markers were highly similar, but differed in placing various species or haplogroups within the genera Rhinopithecus and Pygathrix. Based on our data, Rhinopithecus represent the most basal lineage, and Nasalis and Simias form closely related sister taxa, suggesting a Northern origin of odd-nosed monkeys and a later invasion into Indochina and Sundaland. According to our divergence age estimates, the lineages leading to the genera Rhinopithecus, Pygathrix and Nasalis+Simias originated in the late Miocene, while differentiation events within these genera and also the split between Nasalis and Simias occurred in the Pleistocene. Observed gene tree discordances between mitochondrial and nuclear datasets, and paraphylies in the mitochondrial dataset for some species of the genera Rhinopithecus and Pygathrix suggest secondary gene flow after the taxa initially diverged. Most likely such events were triggered by dramatic changes in geology and climate within the region. Overall, our study provides the most comprehensive view on odd-nosed monkey evolution and emphasizes that data from differentially inherited markers are crucial to better understand evolutionary relationships and to trace secondary gene flow.
format	article
author	Rasmus Liedigk Mouyu Yang Nina G Jablonski Frank Momberg Thomas Geissmann Ngwe Lwin Tony Htin Hla Zhijin Liu Bruce Wong Li Ming Long Yongcheng Ya-Ping Zhang Tilo Nadler Dietmar Zinner Christian Roos
author_facet	Rasmus Liedigk Mouyu Yang Nina G Jablonski Frank Momberg Thomas Geissmann Ngwe Lwin Tony Htin Hla Zhijin Liu Bruce Wong Li Ming Long Yongcheng Ya-Ping Zhang Tilo Nadler Dietmar Zinner Christian Roos
author_sort	Rasmus Liedigk
title	Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
title_short	Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
title_full	Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
title_fullStr	Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.
title_sort	evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described myanmar snub-nosed monkey rhinopithecus strykeri.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/e959c2fc20a1461db3ac0151d581e1a9
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Evolutionary history of the odd-nosed monkeys and the phylogenetic position of the newly described Myanmar snub-nosed monkey Rhinopithecus strykeri.

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