Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning

Single-frequency (SF) receivers are much cheaper than that of dual-frequency (DF). Even though DF precise point positioning (PPP) is nowadays applied in the time community, the cost of equipment is one of the key considerations for time users. Furthermore, the hardware delay calibration of single-fr...

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Autores principales:	Xia Xiao, Fei Shen, Xiaochun Lu, Pengli Shen, Yulong Ge
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	real-time BDS-2/3 GPS Galileo single-frequency time transfer Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e9bf0c0c1682402ca0846b6b6e2b1151
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:e9bf0c0c1682402ca0846b6b6e2b1151
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e9bf0c0c1682402ca0846b6b6e2b11512021-11-11T18:49:29ZPerformance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning10.3390/rs132141922072-4292https://doaj.org/article/e9bf0c0c1682402ca0846b6b6e2b11512021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/21/4192https://doaj.org/toc/2072-4292Single-frequency (SF) receivers are much cheaper than that of dual-frequency (DF). Even though DF precise point positioning (PPP) is nowadays applied in the time community, the cost of equipment is one of the key considerations for time users. Furthermore, the hardware delay calibration of single-frequency devices is simpler than that of dual-frequency devices. In addition, there is no literature to study real-time SF PPP time transfer. In this contribution, the possibility of time transfer using SF PPP was studied. The Un-combined SF PPP was employed for time transfer with ionospheric-constraint using real-time precise products. In this case, 18 multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) stations and one time lab station were used to study real-time SF PPP time transfer using GPS, Galileo and BDS-2/3 satellites with 20-day. The results suggested that real-time single-frequency PPP can meet time transfer. the standard deviation (STD) of the clock difference obtained from GPS-only, Galileo-only and BDS-2/3 single-frequency PPP are about (0.51, 0.54, 0.91) ns, respectively. The frequency stability of real-time single-frequency PPP can achieve (1E-12, 1E-13, 1E-13) level at short-term and (1E-13, 1E-13, 1E-14) level at long-term, respectively, for BDS-2/3, Galileo-only and GPS-only based.Xia XiaoFei ShenXiaochun LuPengli ShenYulong GeMDPI AGarticlereal-timeBDS-2/3GPSGalileosingle-frequencytime transferScienceQENRemote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 4192, p 4192 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	real-time BDS-2/3 GPS Galileo single-frequency time transfer Science Q
spellingShingle	real-time BDS-2/3 GPS Galileo single-frequency time transfer Science Q Xia Xiao Fei Shen Xiaochun Lu Pengli Shen Yulong Ge Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
description	Single-frequency (SF) receivers are much cheaper than that of dual-frequency (DF). Even though DF precise point positioning (PPP) is nowadays applied in the time community, the cost of equipment is one of the key considerations for time users. Furthermore, the hardware delay calibration of single-frequency devices is simpler than that of dual-frequency devices. In addition, there is no literature to study real-time SF PPP time transfer. In this contribution, the possibility of time transfer using SF PPP was studied. The Un-combined SF PPP was employed for time transfer with ionospheric-constraint using real-time precise products. In this case, 18 multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) stations and one time lab station were used to study real-time SF PPP time transfer using GPS, Galileo and BDS-2/3 satellites with 20-day. The results suggested that real-time single-frequency PPP can meet time transfer. the standard deviation (STD) of the clock difference obtained from GPS-only, Galileo-only and BDS-2/3 single-frequency PPP are about (0.51, 0.54, 0.91) ns, respectively. The frequency stability of real-time single-frequency PPP can achieve (1E-12, 1E-13, 1E-13) level at short-term and (1E-13, 1E-13, 1E-14) level at long-term, respectively, for BDS-2/3, Galileo-only and GPS-only based.
format	article
author	Xia Xiao Fei Shen Xiaochun Lu Pengli Shen Yulong Ge
author_facet	Xia Xiao Fei Shen Xiaochun Lu Pengli Shen Yulong Ge
author_sort	Xia Xiao
title	Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
title_short	Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
title_full	Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
title_fullStr	Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
title_full_unstemmed	Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning
title_sort	performance of bds-2/3, gps, and galileo time transfer with real-time single-frequency precise point positioning
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e9bf0c0c1682402ca0846b6b6e2b1151
work_keys_str_mv	AT xiaxiao performanceofbds23gpsandgalileotimetransferwithrealtimesinglefrequencyprecisepointpositioning AT feishen performanceofbds23gpsandgalileotimetransferwithrealtimesinglefrequencyprecisepointpositioning AT xiaochunlu performanceofbds23gpsandgalileotimetransferwithrealtimesinglefrequencyprecisepointpositioning AT penglishen performanceofbds23gpsandgalileotimetransferwithrealtimesinglefrequencyprecisepointpositioning AT yulongge performanceofbds23gpsandgalileotimetransferwithrealtimesinglefrequencyprecisepointpositioning
_version_	1718431737990610944

Performance of BDS-2/3, GPS, and Galileo Time Transfer with Real-Time Single-Frequency Precise Point Positioning

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