Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults

This paper analyzes the influence of inverter-interfaced distributed generations’ (IIDGs) response during transmission network faults. The simplest and safest solution is to switch IIDGs off during network faults without impacting the network voltages. A more elaborate and efficient concept, require...

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Autores principales:	Boštjan Polajžer, Bojan Grčar, Jernej Černelič, Jožef Ritonja
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	distributed generation fault current injection voltage support distance protection Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e9ddd9c32f43494fafa91aa1690216cd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e9ddd9c32f43494fafa91aa1690216cd2021-11-11T15:24:14ZPower-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults10.3390/app1121104372076-3417https://doaj.org/article/e9ddd9c32f43494fafa91aa1690216cd2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10437https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417This paper analyzes the influence of inverter-interfaced distributed generations’ (IIDGs) response during transmission network faults. The simplest and safest solution is to switch IIDGs off during network faults without impacting the network voltages. A more elaborate and efficient concept, required by national grid codes, is based on controlling the IIDGs’ currents, involving positive- and negative-sequence voltage measured at the connection point. In this way the magnitude and phase of the injected currents can be adjusted, although the generated power will depend on the actual line voltages at the connection point. Therefore, an improved concept is proposed to adjust IIDGs’ fault current injection through the required active and reactive power, employing the same voltage characteristics. The proposed, i.e., power-based concept, is more definite than the current-based one, since the required power will always be generated. The discussed concepts for the fault current injection by IIDGs were tested in different 110-kV networks with loop and radial topologies, and for different short-circuit capabilities of the aggregated network supply. Based on extensive numerical calculations, the power-based concept during transmission networks faults generates more reactive power compared to the current-based concept. However, the voltage support by IIDGs during transmission networks faults, regardless of the concept being used, is influenced mainly by the short-circuit capability of the aggregated network supply. As regards distance protection operation, it is influenced additionally by the network topology, i.e., in radial network topology, the remote relay’s operation can be delayed due to a largely seen impedance.Boštjan PolajžerBojan GrčarJernej ČerneličJožef RitonjaMDPI AGarticledistributed generationfault current injectionvoltage supportdistance protectionTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10437, p 10437 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	distributed generation fault current injection voltage support distance protection Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	distributed generation fault current injection voltage support distance protection Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Boštjan Polajžer Bojan Grčar Jernej Černelič Jožef Ritonja Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
description	This paper analyzes the influence of inverter-interfaced distributed generations’ (IIDGs) response during transmission network faults. The simplest and safest solution is to switch IIDGs off during network faults without impacting the network voltages. A more elaborate and efficient concept, required by national grid codes, is based on controlling the IIDGs’ currents, involving positive- and negative-sequence voltage measured at the connection point. In this way the magnitude and phase of the injected currents can be adjusted, although the generated power will depend on the actual line voltages at the connection point. Therefore, an improved concept is proposed to adjust IIDGs’ fault current injection through the required active and reactive power, employing the same voltage characteristics. The proposed, i.e., power-based concept, is more definite than the current-based one, since the required power will always be generated. The discussed concepts for the fault current injection by IIDGs were tested in different 110-kV networks with loop and radial topologies, and for different short-circuit capabilities of the aggregated network supply. Based on extensive numerical calculations, the power-based concept during transmission networks faults generates more reactive power compared to the current-based concept. However, the voltage support by IIDGs during transmission networks faults, regardless of the concept being used, is influenced mainly by the short-circuit capability of the aggregated network supply. As regards distance protection operation, it is influenced additionally by the network topology, i.e., in radial network topology, the remote relay’s operation can be delayed due to a largely seen impedance.
format	article
author	Boštjan Polajžer Bojan Grčar Jernej Černelič Jožef Ritonja
author_facet	Boštjan Polajžer Bojan Grčar Jernej Černelič Jožef Ritonja
author_sort	Boštjan Polajžer
title	Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
title_short	Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
title_full	Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
title_fullStr	Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
title_full_unstemmed	Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults
title_sort	power-based concept for current injection by inverter-interfaced distributed generations during transmission-network faults
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/e9ddd9c32f43494fafa91aa1690216cd
work_keys_str_mv	AT bostjanpolajzer powerbasedconceptforcurrentinjectionbyinverterinterfaceddistributedgenerationsduringtransmissionnetworkfaults AT bojangrcar powerbasedconceptforcurrentinjectionbyinverterinterfaceddistributedgenerationsduringtransmissionnetworkfaults AT jernejcernelic powerbasedconceptforcurrentinjectionbyinverterinterfaceddistributedgenerationsduringtransmissionnetworkfaults AT jozefritonja powerbasedconceptforcurrentinjectionbyinverterinterfaceddistributedgenerationsduringtransmissionnetworkfaults
_version_	1718435402182819840

Power-Based Concept for Current Injection by Inverter-Interfaced Distributed Generations during Transmission-Network Faults

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