Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region

Introduction:Human impacts on Arctic marine ecosystems are increasing in extent and intensity as sea ice shrinks and utilization of marine resources expands. The effects of climate change are being felt across the arctic while stressors such as commercial fishing and shipping continue to grow as the...

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Autores principales:	Jamie C. Afflerbach, Dan Yocum, Benjamin S. Halpern
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2017
Materias:	Arctic marine ecosystems cumulative human impacts Bering Strait sea ice climate change Ecology QH540-549.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/e9fa9148552d4999b5f2283b02765776
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:e9fa9148552d4999b5f2283b027657762021-12-02T12:04:12ZCumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region2096-41292332-887810.1080/20964129.2017.1379888https://doaj.org/article/e9fa9148552d4999b5f2283b027657762017-08-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20964129.2017.1379888https://doaj.org/toc/2096-4129https://doaj.org/toc/2332-8878Introduction:Human impacts on Arctic marine ecosystems are increasing in extent and intensity as sea ice shrinks and utilization of marine resources expands. The effects of climate change are being felt across the arctic while stressors such as commercial fishing and shipping continue to grow as the Arctic becomes more accessible. Given these emerging changes, there is need for an assessment of the current cumulative impact of human activities to better anticipate and manage for a changing Arctic. Cumulative human impacts (CHI) assessments have been widely applied around the world in a variety of ecosystem types but have yet to incorporate temporal dynamics of individual stressors. Such dynamics are fundamental to Arctic ecosystems. Outcomes:Here, we present the first CHI assessment of an Arctic ecosystem to incorporate sea ice as a habitat and assess impact seasonality, using the Bering Strait Region (BSR) as a case study. We find that cumulative impacts differ seasonally, with lower impacts in winter and higher impacts in summer months. Large portions of the BSR have significantly different impacts within each season when compared to a mean annual cumulative impact map. Cumulative impacts also have great spatial variability, with Russian waters between 2.38 and 3.63 times as impacted as US waters. Conclusion:This assessment of seasonal and spatial cumulative impacts provides an understanding of the current reality in the BSR and can be used to support development and evaluation of future management scenarios that address expected impacts from climate change and increasing interest in the Arctic.Jamie C. AfflerbachDan YocumBenjamin S. HalpernTaylor & Francis GrouparticleArctic marine ecosystemscumulative human impactsBering Straitsea iceclimate changeEcologyQH540-549.5ENEcosystem Health and Sustainability, Vol 3, Iss 8 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic marine ecosystems cumulative human impacts Bering Strait sea ice climate change Ecology QH540-549.5
spellingShingle	Arctic marine ecosystems cumulative human impacts Bering Strait sea ice climate change Ecology QH540-549.5 Jamie C. Afflerbach Dan Yocum Benjamin S. Halpern Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
description	Introduction:Human impacts on Arctic marine ecosystems are increasing in extent and intensity as sea ice shrinks and utilization of marine resources expands. The effects of climate change are being felt across the arctic while stressors such as commercial fishing and shipping continue to grow as the Arctic becomes more accessible. Given these emerging changes, there is need for an assessment of the current cumulative impact of human activities to better anticipate and manage for a changing Arctic. Cumulative human impacts (CHI) assessments have been widely applied around the world in a variety of ecosystem types but have yet to incorporate temporal dynamics of individual stressors. Such dynamics are fundamental to Arctic ecosystems. Outcomes:Here, we present the first CHI assessment of an Arctic ecosystem to incorporate sea ice as a habitat and assess impact seasonality, using the Bering Strait Region (BSR) as a case study. We find that cumulative impacts differ seasonally, with lower impacts in winter and higher impacts in summer months. Large portions of the BSR have significantly different impacts within each season when compared to a mean annual cumulative impact map. Cumulative impacts also have great spatial variability, with Russian waters between 2.38 and 3.63 times as impacted as US waters. Conclusion:This assessment of seasonal and spatial cumulative impacts provides an understanding of the current reality in the BSR and can be used to support development and evaluation of future management scenarios that address expected impacts from climate change and increasing interest in the Arctic.
format	article
author	Jamie C. Afflerbach Dan Yocum Benjamin S. Halpern
author_facet	Jamie C. Afflerbach Dan Yocum Benjamin S. Halpern
author_sort	Jamie C. Afflerbach
title	Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
title_short	Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
title_full	Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
title_fullStr	Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
title_full_unstemmed	Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region
title_sort	cumulative human impacts in the bering strait region
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/e9fa9148552d4999b5f2283b02765776
work_keys_str_mv	AT jamiecafflerbach cumulativehumanimpactsintheberingstraitregion AT danyocum cumulativehumanimpactsintheberingstraitregion AT benjaminshalpern cumulativehumanimpactsintheberingstraitregion
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Cumulative human impacts in the Bering Strait Region

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