$Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging$
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Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging

Abstract An ideal direct imaging system entails a method to illuminate on command a single diffraction-limited region in a generally thick and turbid volume. The best approximation to this is the use of large-aperture lenses that focus light into a spot. This strategy fails for regions that are embe...

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Autores principales:	G. Antonacci, G. Di Domenico, S. Silvestri, E. DelRe, G. Ruocco
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ea1764bebe594cd8a1017bf793a9c3b8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ea1764bebe594cd8a1017bf793a9c3b82021-12-02T12:32:07ZDiffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging10.1038/s41598-017-00042-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ea1764bebe594cd8a1017bf793a9c3b82017-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-00042-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract An ideal direct imaging system entails a method to illuminate on command a single diffraction-limited region in a generally thick and turbid volume. The best approximation to this is the use of large-aperture lenses that focus light into a spot. This strategy fails for regions that are embedded deep into the sample, where diffraction and scattering prevail. Airy beams and Bessel beams are solutions of the Helmholtz Equation that are both non-diffracting and self-healing, features that make them naturally able to outdo the effects of distance into the volume but intrinsically do not allow resolution along the propagation axis. Here, we demonstrate diffraction-free self-healing three-dimensional monochromatic light spots able to penetrate deep into the volume of a sample, resist against deflection in turbid environments, and offer axial resolution comparable to that of Gaussian beams. The fields, formed from coherent mixtures of Bessel beams, manifest a more than ten-fold increase in their undistorted penetration, even in turbid milk solutions, compared to diffraction-limited beams. In a fluorescence imaging scheme, we find a ten-fold increase in image contrast compared to diffraction-limited illuminations, and a constant axial resolution even after four Rayleigh lengths. Results pave the way to new opportunities in three-dimensional microscopy.G. AntonacciG. Di DomenicoS. SilvestriE. DelReG. RuoccoNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q G. Antonacci G. Di Domenico S. Silvestri E. DelRe G. Ruocco Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
description	Abstract An ideal direct imaging system entails a method to illuminate on command a single diffraction-limited region in a generally thick and turbid volume. The best approximation to this is the use of large-aperture lenses that focus light into a spot. This strategy fails for regions that are embedded deep into the sample, where diffraction and scattering prevail. Airy beams and Bessel beams are solutions of the Helmholtz Equation that are both non-diffracting and self-healing, features that make them naturally able to outdo the effects of distance into the volume but intrinsically do not allow resolution along the propagation axis. Here, we demonstrate diffraction-free self-healing three-dimensional monochromatic light spots able to penetrate deep into the volume of a sample, resist against deflection in turbid environments, and offer axial resolution comparable to that of Gaussian beams. The fields, formed from coherent mixtures of Bessel beams, manifest a more than ten-fold increase in their undistorted penetration, even in turbid milk solutions, compared to diffraction-limited beams. In a fluorescence imaging scheme, we find a ten-fold increase in image contrast compared to diffraction-limited illuminations, and a constant axial resolution even after four Rayleigh lengths. Results pave the way to new opportunities in three-dimensional microscopy.
format	article
author	G. Antonacci G. Di Domenico S. Silvestri E. DelRe G. Ruocco
author_facet	G. Antonacci G. Di Domenico S. Silvestri E. DelRe G. Ruocco
author_sort	G. Antonacci
title	Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
title_short	Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
title_full	Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
title_fullStr	Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
title_full_unstemmed	Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
title_sort	diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/ea1764bebe594cd8a1017bf793a9c3b8
work_keys_str_mv	AT gantonacci diffractionfreelightdropletsforaxiallyresolvedvolumeimaging AT gdidomenico diffractionfreelightdropletsforaxiallyresolvedvolumeimaging AT ssilvestri diffractionfreelightdropletsforaxiallyresolvedvolumeimaging AT edelre diffractionfreelightdropletsforaxiallyresolvedvolumeimaging AT gruocco diffractionfreelightdropletsforaxiallyresolvedvolumeimaging
_version_	1718394190741635072

Diffraction-free light droplets for axially-resolved volume imaging

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