Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase

Abstract As the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic engulfs millions worldwide, the quest for vaccines or drugs against the virus continues. The helicase protein of SARS-CoV-2 represents an attractive target for drug discovery since inhibition of helicase activity c...

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Autores principales:	Syed Hani Abidi, Nahlah Makki Almansour, Daulet Amerzhanov, Khaled S. Allemailem, Wardah Rafaqat, Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim, Philip la Fleur, Martin Lukac, Syed Ali
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ea2e046f6fae47038f43803a996a9f1b
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ea2e046f6fae47038f43803a996a9f1b2021-12-02T15:54:45ZRepurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase10.1038/s41598-021-89724-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ea2e046f6fae47038f43803a996a9f1b2021-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89724-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract As the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic engulfs millions worldwide, the quest for vaccines or drugs against the virus continues. The helicase protein of SARS-CoV-2 represents an attractive target for drug discovery since inhibition of helicase activity can suppress viral replication. Using in silico approaches, we have identified drugs that interact with SARS-CoV-2 helicase based on the presence of amino acid arrangements matching binding sites of drugs in previously annotated protein structures. The drugs exhibiting an RMSD of ≤ 3.0 Å were further analyzed using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and post-MD analyses. Using these approaches, we found 12 drugs that showed strong interactions with SARS-CoV-2 helicase amino acids. The analyses were performed using the recently available SARS-CoV-2 helicase structure (PDB ID: 5RL6). Based on the MM-GBSA approach, out of the 12 drugs, two drugs, namely posaconazole and grazoprevir, showed the most favorable binding energy, − 54.8 and − 49.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, of the amino acids found conserved among all human coronaviruses, 10/11 and 10/12 were targeted by, respectively, grazoprevir and posaconazole. These residues are part of the crucial DEAD-like helicase C and DEXXQc_Upf1-like/ DEAD-like helicase domains. Strong interactions of posaconazole and grazoprevir with conserved amino acids indicate that the drugs can be potent against SARS-CoV-2. Since the amino acids are conserved among the human coronaviruses, the virus is unlikely to develop resistance mutations against these drugs. Since these drugs are already in use, they may be immediately repurposed for SARS-CoV-2 therapy.Syed Hani AbidiNahlah Makki AlmansourDaulet AmerzhanovKhaled S. AllemailemWardah RafaqatMahmoud A. A. IbrahimPhilip la FleurMartin LukacSyed AliNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Syed Hani Abidi Nahlah Makki Almansour Daulet Amerzhanov Khaled S. Allemailem Wardah Rafaqat Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim Philip la Fleur Martin Lukac Syed Ali Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
description	Abstract As the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic engulfs millions worldwide, the quest for vaccines or drugs against the virus continues. The helicase protein of SARS-CoV-2 represents an attractive target for drug discovery since inhibition of helicase activity can suppress viral replication. Using in silico approaches, we have identified drugs that interact with SARS-CoV-2 helicase based on the presence of amino acid arrangements matching binding sites of drugs in previously annotated protein structures. The drugs exhibiting an RMSD of ≤ 3.0 Å were further analyzed using molecular docking, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and post-MD analyses. Using these approaches, we found 12 drugs that showed strong interactions with SARS-CoV-2 helicase amino acids. The analyses were performed using the recently available SARS-CoV-2 helicase structure (PDB ID: 5RL6). Based on the MM-GBSA approach, out of the 12 drugs, two drugs, namely posaconazole and grazoprevir, showed the most favorable binding energy, − 54.8 and − 49.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Furthermore, of the amino acids found conserved among all human coronaviruses, 10/11 and 10/12 were targeted by, respectively, grazoprevir and posaconazole. These residues are part of the crucial DEAD-like helicase C and DEXXQc_Upf1-like/ DEAD-like helicase domains. Strong interactions of posaconazole and grazoprevir with conserved amino acids indicate that the drugs can be potent against SARS-CoV-2. Since the amino acids are conserved among the human coronaviruses, the virus is unlikely to develop resistance mutations against these drugs. Since these drugs are already in use, they may be immediately repurposed for SARS-CoV-2 therapy.
format	article
author	Syed Hani Abidi Nahlah Makki Almansour Daulet Amerzhanov Khaled S. Allemailem Wardah Rafaqat Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim Philip la Fleur Martin Lukac Syed Ali
author_facet	Syed Hani Abidi Nahlah Makki Almansour Daulet Amerzhanov Khaled S. Allemailem Wardah Rafaqat Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim Philip la Fleur Martin Lukac Syed Ali
author_sort	Syed Hani Abidi
title	Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
title_short	Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
title_full	Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
title_fullStr	Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
title_full_unstemmed	Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase
title_sort	repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of sars-cov-2 helicase
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ea2e046f6fae47038f43803a996a9f1b
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Repurposing potential of posaconazole and grazoprevir as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 helicase

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