Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor

Abstract The Bloch oscillation (BO) and Wannier-Stark localization (WSL) are fundamental concepts about metal-insulator transitions in condensed matter physics. These phenomena have also been observed in semiconductor superlattices and simulated in platforms such as photonic waveguide arrays and col...

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Autores principales:	Xue-Yi Guo, Zi-Yong Ge, Hekang Li, Zhan Wang, Yu-Ran Zhang, Pengtao Song, Zhongcheng Xiang, Xiaohui Song, Yirong Jin, Li Lu, Kai Xu, Dongning Zheng, Heng Fan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ea3e6c3f2ac24bfb97aac6858e4a9c39
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ea3e6c3f2ac24bfb97aac6858e4a9c392021-12-02T11:39:44ZObservation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor10.1038/s41534-021-00385-32056-6387https://doaj.org/article/ea3e6c3f2ac24bfb97aac6858e4a9c392021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-021-00385-3https://doaj.org/toc/2056-6387Abstract The Bloch oscillation (BO) and Wannier-Stark localization (WSL) are fundamental concepts about metal-insulator transitions in condensed matter physics. These phenomena have also been observed in semiconductor superlattices and simulated in platforms such as photonic waveguide arrays and cold atoms. Here, we report experimental investigation of BOs and WSL simulated with a 5-qubit programmable superconducting processor, of which the effective Hamiltonian is an isotropic X Y spin chain. When applying a linear potential to the system by properly tuning all individual qubits, we observe that the propagation of a single spin on the chain is suppressed. It tends to oscillate near the neighborhood of their initial positions, which demonstrates the characteristics of BOs and WSL. We verify that the WSL length is inversely correlated to the potential gradient. Benefiting from the precise single-shot simultaneous readout of all qubits in our experiments, we can also investigate the thermal transport, which requires the joint measurement of more than one qubits. The experimental results show that, as an essential characteristic for BOs and WSL, the thermal transport is also blocked under a linear potential. Our experiment would be scalable to more superconducting qubits for simulating various of out-of-equilibrium problems in quantum many-body systems.Xue-Yi GuoZi-Yong GeHekang LiZhan WangYu-Ran ZhangPengtao SongZhongcheng XiangXiaohui SongYirong JinLi LuKai XuDongning ZhengHeng FanNature PortfolioarticlePhysicsQC1-999Electronic computers. Computer scienceQA75.5-76.95ENnpj Quantum Information, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95
spellingShingle	Physics QC1-999 Electronic computers. Computer science QA75.5-76.95 Xue-Yi Guo Zi-Yong Ge Hekang Li Zhan Wang Yu-Ran Zhang Pengtao Song Zhongcheng Xiang Xiaohui Song Yirong Jin Li Lu Kai Xu Dongning Zheng Heng Fan Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
description	Abstract The Bloch oscillation (BO) and Wannier-Stark localization (WSL) are fundamental concepts about metal-insulator transitions in condensed matter physics. These phenomena have also been observed in semiconductor superlattices and simulated in platforms such as photonic waveguide arrays and cold atoms. Here, we report experimental investigation of BOs and WSL simulated with a 5-qubit programmable superconducting processor, of which the effective Hamiltonian is an isotropic X Y spin chain. When applying a linear potential to the system by properly tuning all individual qubits, we observe that the propagation of a single spin on the chain is suppressed. It tends to oscillate near the neighborhood of their initial positions, which demonstrates the characteristics of BOs and WSL. We verify that the WSL length is inversely correlated to the potential gradient. Benefiting from the precise single-shot simultaneous readout of all qubits in our experiments, we can also investigate the thermal transport, which requires the joint measurement of more than one qubits. The experimental results show that, as an essential characteristic for BOs and WSL, the thermal transport is also blocked under a linear potential. Our experiment would be scalable to more superconducting qubits for simulating various of out-of-equilibrium problems in quantum many-body systems.
format	article
author	Xue-Yi Guo Zi-Yong Ge Hekang Li Zhan Wang Yu-Ran Zhang Pengtao Song Zhongcheng Xiang Xiaohui Song Yirong Jin Li Lu Kai Xu Dongning Zheng Heng Fan
author_facet	Xue-Yi Guo Zi-Yong Ge Hekang Li Zhan Wang Yu-Ran Zhang Pengtao Song Zhongcheng Xiang Xiaohui Song Yirong Jin Li Lu Kai Xu Dongning Zheng Heng Fan
author_sort	Xue-Yi Guo
title	Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
title_short	Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
title_full	Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
title_fullStr	Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
title_full_unstemmed	Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
title_sort	observation of bloch oscillations and wannier-stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ea3e6c3f2ac24bfb97aac6858e4a9c39
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Observation of Bloch oscillations and Wannier-Stark localization on a superconducting quantum processor

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