Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy

Abstract Positron (β+) emitting radionuclides have been used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in diagnostic medicine since its development in the 1950s. Development of a fluorinated glucose analog, fluorodeoxyglucose, labelled with a β+ emitter fluorine-18 (18F-FDG), made it possible t...

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Autores principales:	Takanori Hioki, Yaser H. Gholami, Kelly J. McKelvey, Alireza Aslani, Harry Marquis, Enid M. Eslick, Kathy P. Willowson, Viive M. Howell, Dale L. Bailey
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ea60cf303261425688fef7141cb44b96
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ea60cf303261425688fef7141cb44b962021-12-02T10:48:13ZOverlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy10.1038/s41598-021-81910-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ea60cf303261425688fef7141cb44b962021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81910-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Positron (β+) emitting radionuclides have been used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in diagnostic medicine since its development in the 1950s. Development of a fluorinated glucose analog, fluorodeoxyglucose, labelled with a β+ emitter fluorine-18 (18F-FDG), made it possible to image cellular targets with high glycolytic metabolism. These targets include cancer cells based on increased aerobic metabolism due to the Warburg effect, and thus, 18F-FDG is a staple in nuclear medicine clinics globally. However, due to its attention in the diagnostic setting, the therapeutic potential of β+ emitters have been overlooked in cancer medicine. Here we show the first in vitro evidence of β+ emitter cytotoxicity on prostate cancer cell line LNCaP C4-2B when treated with 20 Gy of 18F. Monte Carlo simulation revealed thermalized positrons (sub-keV) traversing DNA can be lethal due to highly localized energy deposition during the thermalization and annihilation processes. The computed single and double strand breakages were ~ 55% and 117% respectively, when compared to electrons at 400 eV. Our in vitro and in silico data imply an unexplored therapeutic potential for β+ emitters. These results may also have implications for emerging cancer theranostic strategies, where β+ emitting radionuclides could be utilized as a therapeutic as well as a diagnostic agent once the challenges in radiation safety and protection after patient administration of a radioactive compound are overcome.Takanori HiokiYaser H. GholamiKelly J. McKelveyAlireza AslaniHarry MarquisEnid M. EslickKathy P. WillowsonViive M. HowellDale L. BaileyNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Takanori Hioki Yaser H. Gholami Kelly J. McKelvey Alireza Aslani Harry Marquis Enid M. Eslick Kathy P. Willowson Viive M. Howell Dale L. Bailey Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
description	Abstract Positron (β+) emitting radionuclides have been used for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in diagnostic medicine since its development in the 1950s. Development of a fluorinated glucose analog, fluorodeoxyglucose, labelled with a β+ emitter fluorine-18 (18F-FDG), made it possible to image cellular targets with high glycolytic metabolism. These targets include cancer cells based on increased aerobic metabolism due to the Warburg effect, and thus, 18F-FDG is a staple in nuclear medicine clinics globally. However, due to its attention in the diagnostic setting, the therapeutic potential of β+ emitters have been overlooked in cancer medicine. Here we show the first in vitro evidence of β+ emitter cytotoxicity on prostate cancer cell line LNCaP C4-2B when treated with 20 Gy of 18F. Monte Carlo simulation revealed thermalized positrons (sub-keV) traversing DNA can be lethal due to highly localized energy deposition during the thermalization and annihilation processes. The computed single and double strand breakages were ~ 55% and 117% respectively, when compared to electrons at 400 eV. Our in vitro and in silico data imply an unexplored therapeutic potential for β+ emitters. These results may also have implications for emerging cancer theranostic strategies, where β+ emitting radionuclides could be utilized as a therapeutic as well as a diagnostic agent once the challenges in radiation safety and protection after patient administration of a radioactive compound are overcome.
format	article
author	Takanori Hioki Yaser H. Gholami Kelly J. McKelvey Alireza Aslani Harry Marquis Enid M. Eslick Kathy P. Willowson Viive M. Howell Dale L. Bailey
author_facet	Takanori Hioki Yaser H. Gholami Kelly J. McKelvey Alireza Aslani Harry Marquis Enid M. Eslick Kathy P. Willowson Viive M. Howell Dale L. Bailey
author_sort	Takanori Hioki
title	Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
title_short	Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
title_full	Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
title_fullStr	Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
title_full_unstemmed	Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
title_sort	overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ea60cf303261425688fef7141cb44b96
work_keys_str_mv	AT takanorihioki overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT yaserhgholami overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT kellyjmckelvey overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT alirezaaslani overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT harrymarquis overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT enidmeslick overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT kathypwillowson overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT viivemhowell overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy AT dalelbailey overlookedpotentialofpositronsincancertherapy
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Overlooked potential of positrons in cancer therapy

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