Outcomes of the gastrocnemius flap performed by orthopaedic surgeons in salvage revision knee arthroplasty
<p><strong>Introduction</strong>: The gastrocnemius myofascial flap is used to manage soft-tissue defects over the anterior aspect of the knee in the context of a patient presenting with a sinus and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) or extensor mechanism failure. The aim of this...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Copernicus Publications
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/eaa1dd9222774deba7935e1178e20b8e |
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| Sumario: | <p><strong>Introduction</strong>:
The gastrocnemius myofascial flap is used to manage soft-tissue defects over
the anterior aspect of the knee in the context of a patient presenting with
a sinus and periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) or extensor mechanism
failure. The aim of this study was twofold: firstly, to evaluate the
outcomes of gastrocnemius flaps performed by appropriately trained
orthopaedic surgeons in the context of PJI and, secondly, to evaluate the
infection-free survival of this patient group.
<strong>Patients and methods</strong>:
We retrospectively reviewed 30 patients who underwent gastrocnemius flap
reconstruction during staged revision total knee arthroplasty for prosthetic
joint infection (PJI). All flaps were performed by an orthopaedic surgeon
with orthoplastics training. Patients had a mean age of 68.9 years (range
50–84) and were followed up for a mean of 50.4 months (range 2–128 months).
A total of 29 patients (97 %) were categorized into Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) local extremity
grade 3 (greater than two compromising factors), and 52 % of PJIs were
polymicrobial. The primary outcome measure was flap failure, and the
secondary outcome measure was recurrent infection.
<strong>Results</strong>:
Flap survival was 100 % with no failures or early returns to theatre for
flap problems such as necrosis or haematoma. Overall infection-free survival
during the study period was 48 % (13 of 27 infected cases). Using
limb salvage as the outcome, 77 % (23 of 30 patients) retained the limb.
Infection recurrence occurred in 48 % (10 patients) in the type B3 cohort
and 67 % (4 patients) in the type C3 cohort (<span class="inline-formula"><i>p</i>=0.65</span>).
<strong>Conclusions</strong>:
The surgical technique for a gastrocnemius myofascial flap is reliable and
reproducible when performed by appropriately trained orthopaedic surgeons,
even in high-risk groups. However, the risks of recurrent infection and
amputation remain high within our series due to poor host and extremity
factors.</p> |
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