Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

Fish oil exhibited several beneficial effects on human health; however, its applications face several challenges such as its effects on the organoleptic properties of food and its susceptibility to oxidation. Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2-NPs) are utilized widely in pharmaceutical and food applications...

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Autores principales:	Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab, Aziza A. El-Nekeety, Hagar E. Mohammed, Tamer M. El-Messery, Mohamed H. Roby, Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem, Nabila S. Hassan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Omega-3 fatty acids Fish oil Encapsulation Antioxidant Oxidative stress Titanium nanoparticles Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eaa342c9e56842bcb3f59b172c2c6562
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eaa342c9e56842bcb3f59b172c2c65622021-12-02T05:03:18ZSynthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats2405-844010.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08456https://doaj.org/article/eaa342c9e56842bcb3f59b172c2c65622021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844021025597https://doaj.org/toc/2405-8440Fish oil exhibited several beneficial effects on human health; however, its applications face several challenges such as its effects on the organoleptic properties of food and its susceptibility to oxidation. Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2-NPs) are utilized widely in pharmaceutical and food applications although there are some reports about their oxidative damage to living organisms. The current work was undertaken to identify fatty acids content in mullet fish oil, encapsulation, and characterization of the oil, and to assess the protective efficiency of the encapsulated mullet fish oil (EMFO) against the oxidative damage and genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs in rats. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed to 6 groups and treated for 21 days included the control group; TiO2-NPs-treated group (50 mg/kg b.w); the groups treated with EMFO (50 or 100 mg/kg b.w) and the groups received TiO2-NPs plus EMFO at the low or high dose. Samples of blood, liver, and kidney were taken for different assays and histological studies. The GC-FID analysis showed that a total of 14 different fatty acids were found in Mullet fish oil included 41.4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 31.1% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 25.1% saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The structure of EMFO was spherical with an average diameter of 234.5 nm and a zeta potential of -6.24 mV and was stable up to 10 days at 25 °C with EE of 81.08%. The PV of EMFO was decreased at 5 days then increased at 15 days; however, TBARS was increased throughout the storage time over 15 days. The biological evaluation showed that TiO2-NPs disturb the hepato-nephro functions, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes activity, and their corresponding gene expression along with severe pathological alterations in both hepatic and renal tissue. Co-administration of EMFO induced a strong antioxidant role, and the high level could normalize the majority of the parameters tested and the histological picture of the hepatic and renal tissues. These results pointed out that the encapsulation technology enhances the protective role of EMFO against oxidative stress and genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs through the prevention of ω-3 PUFAs oxidation and controlling their release.Mosaad A. Abdel-WahhabAziza A. El-NekeetyHagar E. MohammedTamer M. El-MesseryMohamed H. RobySekena H. Abdel-AziemNabila S. HassanElsevierarticleOmega-3 fatty acidsFish oilEncapsulationAntioxidantOxidative stressTitanium nanoparticlesScience (General)Q1-390Social sciences (General)H1-99ENHeliyon, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp e08456- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Omega-3 fatty acids Fish oil Encapsulation Antioxidant Oxidative stress Titanium nanoparticles Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	Omega-3 fatty acids Fish oil Encapsulation Antioxidant Oxidative stress Titanium nanoparticles Science (General) Q1-390 Social sciences (General) H1-99 Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab Aziza A. El-Nekeety Hagar E. Mohammed Tamer M. El-Messery Mohamed H. Roby Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem Nabila S. Hassan Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
description	Fish oil exhibited several beneficial effects on human health; however, its applications face several challenges such as its effects on the organoleptic properties of food and its susceptibility to oxidation. Titanium dioxide NPs (TiO2-NPs) are utilized widely in pharmaceutical and food applications although there are some reports about their oxidative damage to living organisms. The current work was undertaken to identify fatty acids content in mullet fish oil, encapsulation, and characterization of the oil, and to assess the protective efficiency of the encapsulated mullet fish oil (EMFO) against the oxidative damage and genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs in rats. Sixty female Sprague-Dawley rats were distributed to 6 groups and treated for 21 days included the control group; TiO2-NPs-treated group (50 mg/kg b.w); the groups treated with EMFO (50 or 100 mg/kg b.w) and the groups received TiO2-NPs plus EMFO at the low or high dose. Samples of blood, liver, and kidney were taken for different assays and histological studies. The GC-FID analysis showed that a total of 14 different fatty acids were found in Mullet fish oil included 41.4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), 31.1% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 25.1% saturated fatty acids (SFAs). The structure of EMFO was spherical with an average diameter of 234.5 nm and a zeta potential of -6.24 mV and was stable up to 10 days at 25 °C with EE of 81.08%. The PV of EMFO was decreased at 5 days then increased at 15 days; however, TBARS was increased throughout the storage time over 15 days. The biological evaluation showed that TiO2-NPs disturb the hepato-nephro functions, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress markers, antioxidant enzymes activity, and their corresponding gene expression along with severe pathological alterations in both hepatic and renal tissue. Co-administration of EMFO induced a strong antioxidant role, and the high level could normalize the majority of the parameters tested and the histological picture of the hepatic and renal tissues. These results pointed out that the encapsulation technology enhances the protective role of EMFO against oxidative stress and genotoxicity of TiO2-NPs through the prevention of ω-3 PUFAs oxidation and controlling their release.
format	article
author	Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab Aziza A. El-Nekeety Hagar E. Mohammed Tamer M. El-Messery Mohamed H. Roby Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem Nabila S. Hassan
author_facet	Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab Aziza A. El-Nekeety Hagar E. Mohammed Tamer M. El-Messery Mohamed H. Roby Sekena H. Abdel-Aziem Nabila S. Hassan
author_sort	Mosaad A. Abdel-Wahhab
title	Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
title_short	Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
title_full	Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
title_fullStr	Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
title_full_unstemmed	Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
title_sort	synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/eaa342c9e56842bcb3f59b172c2c6562
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Synthesis of encapsulated fish oil using whey protein isolate to prevent the oxidative damage and cytotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in rats

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