Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance

Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health around the world, but its spread through the aquatic environment has been often overlooked. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters and their transmission into p...

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Autores principales:	Sneha Kalasseril Girijan, Devika Pillai
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	IWA Publishing 2021
Materias:	hospital effluent multidrug resistance vana staphylococcus aureus vanb Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eac1e8bf71de480db952f7ef21254cfb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eac1e8bf71de480db952f7ef21254cfb2021-11-06T06:30:54ZIdentification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance1477-89201996-782910.2166/wh.2021.117https://doaj.org/article/eac1e8bf71de480db952f7ef21254cfb2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jwh.iwaponline.com/content/19/5/785https://doaj.org/toc/1477-8920https://doaj.org/toc/1996-7829Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health around the world, but its spread through the aquatic environment has been often overlooked. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters and their transmission into public water bodies in Kerala, India. A total of 113 S. aureus were isolated from three hospital effluents in Kerala, India. Standard disc diffusion and the strip method were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration detection. Plasmid-mediated vancomycin resistance was confirmed by plasmid curing and conjugation; resistant genes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nearly 76% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and glycopeptide class of antibiotics. Among the vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates, the prevalence rates of vanA and vanB resistance-encoding genes were 46.5 and 59.3%, respectively. Through the broth mating method, vanA gene was successfully transferred from VRSA donor to vancomycin-sensitive S. aureus. The study strongly indicates the contamination of water bodies with antibiotic-resistant bacteria from hospital discharges, their dissemination and possible transfer to microbes in the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat for public health. HIGHLIGHTS High vancomycin resistance was observed in S. aureus isolates in the hospital effluent.; Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates with vanA and vanB resistance-encoding genes have a higher chance of surviving in the sewage treatment plants.; Horizontal transfer of the resistance gene was confirmed by conjugation.; The VRSA isolates have a strong capacity to acquire or transfer antibiotic-resistant genes, posing a threat to public health.;Sneha Kalasseril GirijanDevika PillaiIWA Publishingarticlehospital effluentmultidrug resistancevanastaphylococcus aureusvanbPublic aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENJournal of Water and Health, Vol 19, Iss 5, Pp 785-795 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	hospital effluent multidrug resistance vana staphylococcus aureus vanb Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	hospital effluent multidrug resistance vana staphylococcus aureus vanb Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Sneha Kalasseril Girijan Devika Pillai Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
description	Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health around the world, but its spread through the aquatic environment has been often overlooked. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters and their transmission into public water bodies in Kerala, India. A total of 113 S. aureus were isolated from three hospital effluents in Kerala, India. Standard disc diffusion and the strip method were used for antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration detection. Plasmid-mediated vancomycin resistance was confirmed by plasmid curing and conjugation; resistant genes were detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nearly 76% of S. aureus isolates were resistant to β-lactams, chloramphenicol, macrolides, aminoglycosides, and glycopeptide class of antibiotics. Among the vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates, the prevalence rates of vanA and vanB resistance-encoding genes were 46.5 and 59.3%, respectively. Through the broth mating method, vanA gene was successfully transferred from VRSA donor to vancomycin-sensitive S. aureus. The study strongly indicates the contamination of water bodies with antibiotic-resistant bacteria from hospital discharges, their dissemination and possible transfer to microbes in the aquatic environment, posing a serious threat for public health. HIGHLIGHTS High vancomycin resistance was observed in S. aureus isolates in the hospital effluent.; Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VRSA) isolates with vanA and vanB resistance-encoding genes have a higher chance of surviving in the sewage treatment plants.; Horizontal transfer of the resistance gene was confirmed by conjugation.; The VRSA isolates have a strong capacity to acquire or transfer antibiotic-resistant genes, posing a threat to public health.;
format	article
author	Sneha Kalasseril Girijan Devika Pillai
author_facet	Sneha Kalasseril Girijan Devika Pillai
author_sort	Sneha Kalasseril Girijan
title	Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
title_short	Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
title_full	Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
title_fullStr	Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
title_full_unstemmed	Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
title_sort	identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance
publisher	IWA Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/eac1e8bf71de480db952f7ef21254cfb
work_keys_str_mv	AT snehakalasserilgirijan identificationandcharacterizationofvancomycinresistantstaphylococcusaureusinhospitalwastewatersevidenceofhorizontalspreadofantimicrobialresistance AT devikapillai identificationandcharacterizationofvancomycinresistantstaphylococcusaureusinhospitalwastewatersevidenceofhorizontalspreadofantimicrobialresistance
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Identification and characterization of vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital wastewaters: evidence of horizontal spread of antimicrobial resistance

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