Self-organized division of cognitive labor.

Often members of a group benefit from dividing the group's task into separate components, where each member specializes their role so as to accomplish only one of the components. While this division of labor phenomenon has been observed with respect to both manual and cognitive labor, there is...

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Autores principales:	Edgar Andrade-Lotero, Robert L Goldstone
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eb31fa99b6fb4eb7968f1bc7cea0b0fb
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:eb31fa99b6fb4eb7968f1bc7cea0b0fb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eb31fa99b6fb4eb7968f1bc7cea0b0fb2021-12-02T20:06:51ZSelf-organized division of cognitive labor.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254532https://doaj.org/article/eb31fa99b6fb4eb7968f1bc7cea0b0fb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254532https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Often members of a group benefit from dividing the group's task into separate components, where each member specializes their role so as to accomplish only one of the components. While this division of labor phenomenon has been observed with respect to both manual and cognitive labor, there is no clear understanding of the cognitive mechanisms allowing for its emergence, especially when there are multiple divisions possible and communication is limited. Indeed, maximization of expected utility often does not differentiate between alternative ways in which individuals could divide labor. We developed an iterative two-person game in which there are multiple ways of dividing labor, but in which it is not possible to explicitly negotiate a division. We implemented the game both as a human experimental task and as a computational model. Our results show that the majority of human dyads can finish the game with an efficient division of labor. Moreover, we fitted our computational model to the behavioral data, which allowed us to explain how the perceived similarity between a player's actions and the task's focal points guided the players' choices from one round to the other, thus bridging the group dynamics and its underlying cognitive process. Potential applications of this model outside cognitive science include the improvement of cooperation in human groups, multi-agent systems, as well as human-robot collaboration.Edgar Andrade-LoteroRobert L GoldstonePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254532 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Edgar Andrade-Lotero Robert L Goldstone Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
description	Often members of a group benefit from dividing the group's task into separate components, where each member specializes their role so as to accomplish only one of the components. While this division of labor phenomenon has been observed with respect to both manual and cognitive labor, there is no clear understanding of the cognitive mechanisms allowing for its emergence, especially when there are multiple divisions possible and communication is limited. Indeed, maximization of expected utility often does not differentiate between alternative ways in which individuals could divide labor. We developed an iterative two-person game in which there are multiple ways of dividing labor, but in which it is not possible to explicitly negotiate a division. We implemented the game both as a human experimental task and as a computational model. Our results show that the majority of human dyads can finish the game with an efficient division of labor. Moreover, we fitted our computational model to the behavioral data, which allowed us to explain how the perceived similarity between a player's actions and the task's focal points guided the players' choices from one round to the other, thus bridging the group dynamics and its underlying cognitive process. Potential applications of this model outside cognitive science include the improvement of cooperation in human groups, multi-agent systems, as well as human-robot collaboration.
format	article
author	Edgar Andrade-Lotero Robert L Goldstone
author_facet	Edgar Andrade-Lotero Robert L Goldstone
author_sort	Edgar Andrade-Lotero
title	Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
title_short	Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
title_full	Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
title_fullStr	Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
title_full_unstemmed	Self-organized division of cognitive labor.
title_sort	self-organized division of cognitive labor.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/eb31fa99b6fb4eb7968f1bc7cea0b0fb
work_keys_str_mv	AT edgarandradelotero selforganizeddivisionofcognitivelabor AT robertlgoldstone selforganizeddivisionofcognitivelabor
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Self-organized division of cognitive labor.

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