Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells

Prajna Jena1, Soumitra Mohanty1, Rojee Mallick1, Biju Jacob2, Avinash Sonawane11School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India; 2Center for Innovation, Technopark Technology Business Incubator, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaBackground: Pathogenic bacteria are able to develop vario...

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Autores principales:	Jena P, Mohanty S, Mallick R, Jacob B, Sonawane A
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2012
Materias:	Medicine (General) R5-920
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eb5e9950a1e44050bf3399f6cff7306a
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eb5e9950a1e44050bf3399f6cff7306a2021-12-02T05:58:07ZToxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells1176-91141178-2013https://doaj.org/article/eb5e9950a1e44050bf3399f6cff7306a2012-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/toxicity-and-antibacterial-assessment-of-chitosan-coated-silver-nanopa-a9626https://doaj.org/toc/1176-9114https://doaj.org/toc/1178-2013Prajna Jena1, Soumitra Mohanty1, Rojee Mallick1, Biju Jacob2, Avinash Sonawane11School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India; 2Center for Innovation, Technopark Technology Business Incubator, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaBackground: Pathogenic bacteria are able to develop various strategies to counteract the bactericidal action of antibiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics because of their potent antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to synthesize chitosan-stabilized AgNPs (CS-AgNPs) and test for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, macrophage cell uptake, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities.Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using chitosan as both a stabilizing and a reducing agent. Antibacterial activity was determined by colony-forming unit assay and scanning electron microscopy. Genotoxic and cytotoxic activity were determined by DNA fragmentation, comet, and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays. Cellular uptake and intracellular antibacterial activity were tested on macrophages.Results: CS-AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against different human pathogens and also impeded bacterial biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that CS-AgNPs kill bacteria by disrupting the cell membrane. CS-AgNPs showed no significant cytotoxic or DNA damage effect on macrophages at the bactericidal dose. Propidium iodide staining indicated active endocytosis of CS-AgNPs resulting in reduced intracellular bacterial survival in macrophages.Conclusion: The present study concludes that at a specific dose, chitosan-based AgNPs kill bacteria without harming the host cells, thus representing a potential template for the design of antibacterial agents to decrease bacterial colonization and to overcome the problem of drug resistance.Keywords: chitosan-silver nanoparticles, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity, genotoxicityJena PMohanty SMallick RJacob BSonawane ADove Medical PressarticleMedicine (General)R5-920ENInternational Journal of Nanomedicine, Vol 2012, Iss default, Pp 1805-1818 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine (General) R5-920
spellingShingle	Medicine (General) R5-920 Jena P Mohanty S Mallick R Jacob B Sonawane A Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
description	Prajna Jena1, Soumitra Mohanty1, Rojee Mallick1, Biju Jacob2, Avinash Sonawane11School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India; 2Center for Innovation, Technopark Technology Business Incubator, Bangalore, Karnataka, IndiaBackground: Pathogenic bacteria are able to develop various strategies to counteract the bactericidal action of antibiotics. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a potential alternative to conventional antibiotics because of their potent antimicrobial properties. The purpose of this study was to synthesize chitosan-stabilized AgNPs (CS-AgNPs) and test for their cytotoxic, genotoxic, macrophage cell uptake, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities.Methods: AgNPs were synthesized using chitosan as both a stabilizing and a reducing agent. Antibacterial activity was determined by colony-forming unit assay and scanning electron microscopy. Genotoxic and cytotoxic activity were determined by DNA fragmentation, comet, and MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assays. Cellular uptake and intracellular antibacterial activity were tested on macrophages.Results: CS-AgNPs exhibited potent antibacterial activity against different human pathogens and also impeded bacterial biofilm formation. Scanning electron microscopy analysis indicated that CS-AgNPs kill bacteria by disrupting the cell membrane. CS-AgNPs showed no significant cytotoxic or DNA damage effect on macrophages at the bactericidal dose. Propidium iodide staining indicated active endocytosis of CS-AgNPs resulting in reduced intracellular bacterial survival in macrophages.Conclusion: The present study concludes that at a specific dose, chitosan-based AgNPs kill bacteria without harming the host cells, thus representing a potential template for the design of antibacterial agents to decrease bacterial colonization and to overcome the problem of drug resistance.Keywords: chitosan-silver nanoparticles, antibiofilm, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity
format	article
author	Jena P Mohanty S Mallick R Jacob B Sonawane A
author_facet	Jena P Mohanty S Mallick R Jacob B Sonawane A
author_sort	Jena P
title	Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
title_short	Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
title_full	Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
title_fullStr	Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
title_full_unstemmed	Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
title_sort	toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/eb5e9950a1e44050bf3399f6cff7306a
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Toxicity and antibacterial assessment of chitosan-coated silver nanoparticles on human pathogens and macrophage cells

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