Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.

Shimmering is a defence behaviour in giant honeybees (Apis dorsata), whereby bees on the nest surface flip their abdomen upwards in a Mexican wave-like process. However, information spreads faster than can be ascribed to bucket bridging, which is the transfer of information from one individual to an...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Gerald Kastberger, Thomas Hoetzl, Michael Maurer, Ilse Kranner, Sara Weiss, Frank Weihmann
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/eb9f5399cc5740bebbb66aee53f8a754
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:eb9f5399cc5740bebbb66aee53f8a754
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:eb9f5399cc5740bebbb66aee53f8a7542021-11-18T08:35:43ZSpeeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0086315https://doaj.org/article/eb9f5399cc5740bebbb66aee53f8a7542014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24475104/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Shimmering is a defence behaviour in giant honeybees (Apis dorsata), whereby bees on the nest surface flip their abdomen upwards in a Mexican wave-like process. However, information spreads faster than can be ascribed to bucket bridging, which is the transfer of information from one individual to an adjacent one. We identified a saltatoric process that speeds up shimmering by the generation of daughter waves, which subsequently merge with the parental wave, producing a new wave front. Motion patterns of individual "focus" bees (n = 10,894) and their shimmering-active neighbours (n = 459,558) were measured with high-resolution video recording and stereoscopic imaging. Three types of shimmering-active surface bees were distinguished by their communication status, termed "agents": "Bucket-bridging" agents comprised 74.98% of all agents, affected 88.17% of their neighbours, and transferred information at a velocity of v = 0.317±0.015 m/s. "Chain-tail" agents comprised 9.20% of the agents, were activated by 6.35% of their neighbours, but did not motivate others to participate in the wave. "Generator agents" comprised 15.82% of agents, showed abdominal flipping before the arrival of the main wave front, and initiated daughter waves. They affected 6.75% of their neighbourhood and speeded up the compound shimmering process compared to bucket bridging alone by 41.5% to v = 0.514±0.019 m/s. The main direction of shimmering was reinforced by 35.82% of agents, whereas the contribution of the complementing agents was fuzzy. We discuss that the saltatoric process could enable the bees to instantly recruit larger cohorts to participate in shimmering and to respond rapidly to changes in flight direction of preying wasps. A third, non-exclusive explanation is that at a distance of up to three metres from the nest the acceleration of shimmering could notably contribute to the startle response in mammals and birds.Gerald KastbergerThomas HoetzlMichael MaurerIlse KrannerSara WeissFrank WeihmannPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e86315 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gerald Kastberger Thomas Hoetzl Michael Maurer Ilse Kranner Sara Weiss Frank Weihmann Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
description	Shimmering is a defence behaviour in giant honeybees (Apis dorsata), whereby bees on the nest surface flip their abdomen upwards in a Mexican wave-like process. However, information spreads faster than can be ascribed to bucket bridging, which is the transfer of information from one individual to an adjacent one. We identified a saltatoric process that speeds up shimmering by the generation of daughter waves, which subsequently merge with the parental wave, producing a new wave front. Motion patterns of individual "focus" bees (n = 10,894) and their shimmering-active neighbours (n = 459,558) were measured with high-resolution video recording and stereoscopic imaging. Three types of shimmering-active surface bees were distinguished by their communication status, termed "agents": "Bucket-bridging" agents comprised 74.98% of all agents, affected 88.17% of their neighbours, and transferred information at a velocity of v = 0.317±0.015 m/s. "Chain-tail" agents comprised 9.20% of the agents, were activated by 6.35% of their neighbours, but did not motivate others to participate in the wave. "Generator agents" comprised 15.82% of agents, showed abdominal flipping before the arrival of the main wave front, and initiated daughter waves. They affected 6.75% of their neighbourhood and speeded up the compound shimmering process compared to bucket bridging alone by 41.5% to v = 0.514±0.019 m/s. The main direction of shimmering was reinforced by 35.82% of agents, whereas the contribution of the complementing agents was fuzzy. We discuss that the saltatoric process could enable the bees to instantly recruit larger cohorts to participate in shimmering and to respond rapidly to changes in flight direction of preying wasps. A third, non-exclusive explanation is that at a distance of up to three metres from the nest the acceleration of shimmering could notably contribute to the startle response in mammals and birds.
format	article
author	Gerald Kastberger Thomas Hoetzl Michael Maurer Ilse Kranner Sara Weiss Frank Weihmann
author_facet	Gerald Kastberger Thomas Hoetzl Michael Maurer Ilse Kranner Sara Weiss Frank Weihmann
author_sort	Gerald Kastberger
title	Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
title_short	Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
title_full	Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
title_fullStr	Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
title_full_unstemmed	Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
title_sort	speeding up social waves. propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/eb9f5399cc5740bebbb66aee53f8a754
work_keys_str_mv	AT geraldkastberger speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees AT thomashoetzl speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees AT michaelmaurer speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees AT ilsekranner speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees AT saraweiss speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees AT frankweihmann speedingupsocialwavespropagationmechanismsofshimmeringingianthoneybees
_version_	1718421595209334784

Speeding up social waves. Propagation mechanisms of shimmering in giant honeybees.

Ejemplares similares