Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages

Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in chronic inflammation associated with several diseases. Many plant extracts have nutritional and healthy benefits by down-regulating VEGF expression, but there was no report on VEGF regulation by cottonseed extracts in any...

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Autores principales:	Heping Cao, Kandan Sethumadhavan, Xiaoyu Wu, Xiaochun Zeng
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ebade3bc5eb74e04993f2a73b98104be
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ebade3bc5eb74e04993f2a73b98104be2021-12-02T18:49:21ZCottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages10.1038/s41598-021-95248-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ebade3bc5eb74e04993f2a73b98104be2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95248-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in chronic inflammation associated with several diseases. Many plant extracts have nutritional and healthy benefits by down-regulating VEGF expression, but there was no report on VEGF regulation by cottonseed extracts in any biological system. The objective was to investigate cell viability and VEGF expression regulated by gossypol and ethanol extracts using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a control. MTT, qPCR and immunoblotting techniques were used to monitor cell viability, VEGF mRNA and protein levels in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Gossypol dramatically reduced macrophage viability but cottonseed extracts and LPS exhibited minor effect on cell viability. VEGFb mRNA levels were approximately 40 fold of VEGFa in the macrophages. Gossypol increased VEGFa and VEGFb mRNA levels up to 27 and 4 fold, respectively, and increased VEGF protein. LPS increased VEGFa mRNA by sixfold but decreased VEGFb mRNA. LPS increased VEGF protein in 2–4 h but decreased in 8–24 h. Glanded seed extracts showed some stimulating effects on VEGF mRNA levels. Glandless seed coat extract showed increased VEGFb mRNA levels but its kernel extract reduced VEGF mRNA levels. This study demonstrated that gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulated cell viability and VEGF expression in mouse macrophages.Heping CaoKandan SethumadhavanXiaoyu WuXiaochun ZengNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Heping Cao Kandan Sethumadhavan Xiaoyu Wu Xiaochun Zeng Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
description	Abstract Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in chronic inflammation associated with several diseases. Many plant extracts have nutritional and healthy benefits by down-regulating VEGF expression, but there was no report on VEGF regulation by cottonseed extracts in any biological system. The objective was to investigate cell viability and VEGF expression regulated by gossypol and ethanol extracts using lipopolysaccharides (LPS) as a control. MTT, qPCR and immunoblotting techniques were used to monitor cell viability, VEGF mRNA and protein levels in mouse RAW264.7 macrophages. Gossypol dramatically reduced macrophage viability but cottonseed extracts and LPS exhibited minor effect on cell viability. VEGFb mRNA levels were approximately 40 fold of VEGFa in the macrophages. Gossypol increased VEGFa and VEGFb mRNA levels up to 27 and 4 fold, respectively, and increased VEGF protein. LPS increased VEGFa mRNA by sixfold but decreased VEGFb mRNA. LPS increased VEGF protein in 2–4 h but decreased in 8–24 h. Glanded seed extracts showed some stimulating effects on VEGF mRNA levels. Glandless seed coat extract showed increased VEGFb mRNA levels but its kernel extract reduced VEGF mRNA levels. This study demonstrated that gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulated cell viability and VEGF expression in mouse macrophages.
format	article
author	Heping Cao Kandan Sethumadhavan Xiaoyu Wu Xiaochun Zeng
author_facet	Heping Cao Kandan Sethumadhavan Xiaoyu Wu Xiaochun Zeng
author_sort	Heping Cao
title	Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
title_short	Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
title_full	Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
title_fullStr	Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
title_full_unstemmed	Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages
title_sort	cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and vegf gene expression in mouse macrophages
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ebade3bc5eb74e04993f2a73b98104be
work_keys_str_mv	AT hepingcao cottonseedderivedgossypolandethanolextractsdifferentiallyregulatecellviabilityandvegfgeneexpressioninmousemacrophages AT kandansethumadhavan cottonseedderivedgossypolandethanolextractsdifferentiallyregulatecellviabilityandvegfgeneexpressioninmousemacrophages AT xiaoyuwu cottonseedderivedgossypolandethanolextractsdifferentiallyregulatecellviabilityandvegfgeneexpressioninmousemacrophages AT xiaochunzeng cottonseedderivedgossypolandethanolextractsdifferentiallyregulatecellviabilityandvegfgeneexpressioninmousemacrophages
_version_	1718377598443061248

Cottonseed-derived gossypol and ethanol extracts differentially regulate cell viability and VEGF gene expression in mouse macrophages

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