Co-Evolution of Opioid and Adrenergic Ligands and Receptors: Shared, Complementary Modules Explain Evolution of Functional Interactions and Suggest Novel Engineering Possibilities

Cross-talk between opioid and adrenergic receptors is well-characterized and involves second messenger systems, the formation of receptor heterodimers, and the presence of extracellular allosteric binding regions for the complementary ligand; however, the evolutionary origins of these interactions h...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Robert Root-Bernstein, Beth Churchill
Format: article
Language:EN
Published: MDPI AG 2021
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Online Access:https://doaj.org/article/ebbaed48e183491a800d414444cfde4a
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