Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved to generate several antigenic variants. These variants have raised concerns whether pre-existing immunity to vaccination or prior infection would be able to protect against the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or not....

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Autores principales:	Nitin Khandelwal, Yogesh Chander, Ram Kumar, Himanshu Nagori, Assim Verma, Priyasi Mittal, Riyesh T, Sameer Kamboj, Sukhbir Singh Verma, Subhash Khatreja, Yash Pal, Baldev R. Gulati, Bhupendra N. Tripathi, Sanjay Barua, Naveen Kumar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	SARS-CoV-2 wild type delta antibody cross-neutralization Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ebeaa165702f4075b6d28f4ab4c2edca
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ebeaa165702f4075b6d28f4ab4c2edca2021-11-30T14:17:21ZStudies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)2235-298810.3389/fcimb.2021.771524https://doaj.org/article/ebeaa165702f4075b6d28f4ab4c2edca2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2021.771524/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/2235-2988Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved to generate several antigenic variants. These variants have raised concerns whether pre-existing immunity to vaccination or prior infection would be able to protect against the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or not. We isolated SARS-CoV-2 from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-confirmed patients in the beginning of the first (April/May 2020) and second (April/May 2021) waves of COVID-19 in India (Hisar, Haryana). Upon complete nucleotide sequencing, the viruses were found to be genetically related with wild-type (WT) and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 produced a rapid cytopathic effect (24–36 h as compared to 48–72 h in WT) and had bigger plaque size but a shorter life cycle (~6 h as compared to the ~8 h in WT). Furthermore, the Delta variant achieved peak viral titers within 24 h as compared to the 48 h in WT. These evidence suggested that the Delta variant replicates significantly faster than the WT SARS-CoV-2. The virus neutralization experiments indicated that antibodies elicited by vaccination are more efficacious in neutralizing the WT virus but significantly less potent against the Delta variant. Our findings have implications in devising suitable vaccination, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, besides providing insights into understanding virus replication and transmission.Nitin KhandelwalYogesh ChanderRam KumarHimanshu NagoriAssim VermaPriyasi MittalRiyesh TSameer KambojSukhbir Singh VermaSubhash KhatrejaYash PalBaldev R. GulatiBhupendra N. TripathiSanjay BaruaNaveen KumarFrontiers Media S.A.articleSARS-CoV-2wild typedeltaantibodycross-neutralizationMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Vol 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	SARS-CoV-2 wild type delta antibody cross-neutralization Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	SARS-CoV-2 wild type delta antibody cross-neutralization Microbiology QR1-502 Nitin Khandelwal Yogesh Chander Ram Kumar Himanshu Nagori Assim Verma Priyasi Mittal Riyesh T Sameer Kamboj Sukhbir Singh Verma Subhash Khatreja Yash Pal Baldev R. Gulati Bhupendra N. Tripathi Sanjay Barua Naveen Kumar Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
description	Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly evolved to generate several antigenic variants. These variants have raised concerns whether pre-existing immunity to vaccination or prior infection would be able to protect against the newly emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants or not. We isolated SARS-CoV-2 from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-confirmed patients in the beginning of the first (April/May 2020) and second (April/May 2021) waves of COVID-19 in India (Hisar, Haryana). Upon complete nucleotide sequencing, the viruses were found to be genetically related with wild-type (WT) and Delta variants of SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 produced a rapid cytopathic effect (24–36 h as compared to 48–72 h in WT) and had bigger plaque size but a shorter life cycle (~6 h as compared to the ~8 h in WT). Furthermore, the Delta variant achieved peak viral titers within 24 h as compared to the 48 h in WT. These evidence suggested that the Delta variant replicates significantly faster than the WT SARS-CoV-2. The virus neutralization experiments indicated that antibodies elicited by vaccination are more efficacious in neutralizing the WT virus but significantly less potent against the Delta variant. Our findings have implications in devising suitable vaccination, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, besides providing insights into understanding virus replication and transmission.
format	article
author	Nitin Khandelwal Yogesh Chander Ram Kumar Himanshu Nagori Assim Verma Priyasi Mittal Riyesh T Sameer Kamboj Sukhbir Singh Verma Subhash Khatreja Yash Pal Baldev R. Gulati Bhupendra N. Tripathi Sanjay Barua Naveen Kumar
author_facet	Nitin Khandelwal Yogesh Chander Ram Kumar Himanshu Nagori Assim Verma Priyasi Mittal Riyesh T Sameer Kamboj Sukhbir Singh Verma Subhash Khatreja Yash Pal Baldev R. Gulati Bhupendra N. Tripathi Sanjay Barua Naveen Kumar
author_sort	Nitin Khandelwal
title	Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
title_short	Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
title_full	Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
title_fullStr	Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
title_full_unstemmed	Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)
title_sort	studies on growth characteristics and cross-neutralization of wild-type and delta sars-cov-2 from hisar (india)
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ebeaa165702f4075b6d28f4ab4c2edca
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Studies on Growth Characteristics and Cross-Neutralization of Wild-Type and Delta SARS-CoV-2 From Hisar (India)

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