Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels

Abstract Hibernating ground squirrels rely on a short active period for breeding and mass accrual, and are thus vulnerable to extreme climate events that affect key periods in their annual cycle. Here, we document how a heatwave in March 2012 led to a phenological mismatch between sexes in Richardso...

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Autores principales:	Caila E. Kucheravy, Jane M. Waterman, Elaine A. C. dos Anjos, James F. Hare, Chris Enright, Charlene N. Berkvens
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ebfb6747499d40b18e9b461d0d7215f1
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:ebfb6747499d40b18e9b461d0d7215f1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ebfb6747499d40b18e9b461d0d7215f12021-11-08T10:49:15ZExtreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels10.1038/s41598-021-01214-52045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ebfb6747499d40b18e9b461d0d7215f12021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-01214-5https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Hibernating ground squirrels rely on a short active period for breeding and mass accrual, and are thus vulnerable to extreme climate events that affect key periods in their annual cycle. Here, we document how a heatwave in March 2012 led to a phenological mismatch between sexes in Richardson’s ground squirrels (Urocitellus richardsonii). Females emerged from hibernation and commenced breeding earlier in 2012 relative to average female emergence. Although males had descended testes and pigmented scrota, it appeared that not all males were physiologically prepared to breed since 58.6% of males had non-motile sperm when breeding commenced. Body condition, relative testes size, and the relative size of accessory glands were significant predictors of sperm motility. Males with non-motile sperm had smaller accessory glands than males with motile sperm. There was no decrease in the number of juveniles that emerged in 2012 or female yearlings recruited in 2013, nor did juveniles emerge later than other years. The impact of this heatwave on male ground squirrels emphasizes the importance of assessing the consequences of climate change on the breeding success of hibernating species in both sexes, since the different sensitivity to external cues for emergence led to a mismatch in timing under this event.Caila E. KucheravyJane M. WatermanElaine A. C. dos AnjosJames F. HareChris EnrightCharlene N. BerkvensNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Caila E. Kucheravy Jane M. Waterman Elaine A. C. dos Anjos James F. Hare Chris Enright Charlene N. Berkvens Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
description	Abstract Hibernating ground squirrels rely on a short active period for breeding and mass accrual, and are thus vulnerable to extreme climate events that affect key periods in their annual cycle. Here, we document how a heatwave in March 2012 led to a phenological mismatch between sexes in Richardson’s ground squirrels (Urocitellus richardsonii). Females emerged from hibernation and commenced breeding earlier in 2012 relative to average female emergence. Although males had descended testes and pigmented scrota, it appeared that not all males were physiologically prepared to breed since 58.6% of males had non-motile sperm when breeding commenced. Body condition, relative testes size, and the relative size of accessory glands were significant predictors of sperm motility. Males with non-motile sperm had smaller accessory glands than males with motile sperm. There was no decrease in the number of juveniles that emerged in 2012 or female yearlings recruited in 2013, nor did juveniles emerge later than other years. The impact of this heatwave on male ground squirrels emphasizes the importance of assessing the consequences of climate change on the breeding success of hibernating species in both sexes, since the different sensitivity to external cues for emergence led to a mismatch in timing under this event.
format	article
author	Caila E. Kucheravy Jane M. Waterman Elaine A. C. dos Anjos James F. Hare Chris Enright Charlene N. Berkvens
author_facet	Caila E. Kucheravy Jane M. Waterman Elaine A. C. dos Anjos James F. Hare Chris Enright Charlene N. Berkvens
author_sort	Caila E. Kucheravy
title	Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
title_short	Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
title_full	Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
title_fullStr	Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
title_full_unstemmed	Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
title_sort	extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ebfb6747499d40b18e9b461d0d7215f1
work_keys_str_mv	AT cailaekucheravy extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels AT janemwaterman extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels AT elaineacdosanjos extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels AT jamesfhare extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels AT chrisenright extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels AT charlenenberkvens extremeclimateeventpromotesphenologicalmismatchbetweensexesinhibernatinggroundsquirrels
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Extreme climate event promotes phenological mismatch between sexes in hibernating ground squirrels

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