Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review

The aspect of safety in electronic devices has turned out to be a huge challenge for the world of science. Thus far, satisfactory power and energy densities, efficiency, and cell capacities have been achieved. Unfortunately, the explosiveness and thermal runaway of the cells prevents them from being...

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Autores principales:	Marita Pigłowska, Beata Kurc, Maciej Galiński, Paweł Fuć, Michalina Kamińska, Natalia Szymlet, Paweł Daszkiewicz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	non-flammable electrolyte safety LIBs polymer electrolytes SEI hydrogen Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec111529201344ca89c0fda07ae4b3f2
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec111529201344ca89c0fda07ae4b3f22021-11-25T18:13:32ZChallenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review10.3390/ma142267831996-1944https://doaj.org/article/ec111529201344ca89c0fda07ae4b3f22021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6783https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944The aspect of safety in electronic devices has turned out to be a huge challenge for the world of science. Thus far, satisfactory power and energy densities, efficiency, and cell capacities have been achieved. Unfortunately, the explosiveness and thermal runaway of the cells prevents them from being used in demanding applications such as electric cars at higher temperatures. The main aim of this review is to highlight different electrolytes used in lithium-ion cells as well as the flammability aspect. In the paper, the authors present liquid inorganic electrolytes, composite polymer–ceramic electrolytes, ionic liquids (IL), polymeric ionic liquids, polymer electrolytes (solvent-free polymer electrolytes (SPEs), gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), and composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs)), and different flame retardants used to prevent the thermal runaway and combustion of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Additionally, various flame tests used for electrolytes in LIBs have been adopted. Aside from a detailed description of the electrolytes consumed in LIBs. Last section in this work discusses hydrogen as a source of fuel cell operation and its practical application as a global trend that supports green chemistry.Marita PigłowskaBeata KurcMaciej GalińskiPaweł FućMichalina KamińskaNatalia SzymletPaweł DaszkiewiczMDPI AGarticlenon-flammable electrolytesafety LIBspolymer electrolytesSEIhydrogenTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6783, p 6783 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	non-flammable electrolyte safety LIBs polymer electrolytes SEI hydrogen Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85
spellingShingle	non-flammable electrolyte safety LIBs polymer electrolytes SEI hydrogen Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Marita Pigłowska Beata Kurc Maciej Galiński Paweł Fuć Michalina Kamińska Natalia Szymlet Paweł Daszkiewicz Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
description	The aspect of safety in electronic devices has turned out to be a huge challenge for the world of science. Thus far, satisfactory power and energy densities, efficiency, and cell capacities have been achieved. Unfortunately, the explosiveness and thermal runaway of the cells prevents them from being used in demanding applications such as electric cars at higher temperatures. The main aim of this review is to highlight different electrolytes used in lithium-ion cells as well as the flammability aspect. In the paper, the authors present liquid inorganic electrolytes, composite polymer–ceramic electrolytes, ionic liquids (IL), polymeric ionic liquids, polymer electrolytes (solvent-free polymer electrolytes (SPEs), gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs), and composite polymer electrolytes (CPEs)), and different flame retardants used to prevent the thermal runaway and combustion of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Additionally, various flame tests used for electrolytes in LIBs have been adopted. Aside from a detailed description of the electrolytes consumed in LIBs. Last section in this work discusses hydrogen as a source of fuel cell operation and its practical application as a global trend that supports green chemistry.
format	article
author	Marita Pigłowska Beata Kurc Maciej Galiński Paweł Fuć Michalina Kamińska Natalia Szymlet Paweł Daszkiewicz
author_facet	Marita Pigłowska Beata Kurc Maciej Galiński Paweł Fuć Michalina Kamińska Natalia Szymlet Paweł Daszkiewicz
author_sort	Marita Pigłowska
title	Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
title_short	Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
title_full	Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
title_fullStr	Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
title_full_unstemmed	Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review
title_sort	challenges for safe electrolytes applied in lithium-ion cells—a review
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec111529201344ca89c0fda07ae4b3f2
work_keys_str_mv	AT maritapigłowska challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT beatakurc challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT maciejgalinski challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT pawełfuc challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT michalinakaminska challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT nataliaszymlet challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview AT pawełdaszkiewicz challengesforsafeelectrolytesappliedinlithiumioncellsareview
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Challenges for Safe Electrolytes Applied in Lithium-Ion Cells—A Review

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