Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action

Adult and childhood obesity have reached pandemic level proportions. The idea that caloric excess and insufficient levels of physical activity leads to obesity is a commonly accepted answer for unwanted weight gain. This paradigm offers an inconclusive explanation as the world continually moves towa...

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Autores principales:	Nicole Mohajer, Chrislyn Y. Du, Christian Checkcinco, Bruce Blumberg
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	EDC MDC obesity endocrine disrupting chemical obesogens adipogenesis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec1af0437c8a40f78c3bafad05e4076d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec1af0437c8a40f78c3bafad05e4076d2021-11-30T21:46:06ZObesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action1664-239210.3389/fendo.2021.780888https://doaj.org/article/ec1af0437c8a40f78c3bafad05e4076d2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.780888/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-2392Adult and childhood obesity have reached pandemic level proportions. The idea that caloric excess and insufficient levels of physical activity leads to obesity is a commonly accepted answer for unwanted weight gain. This paradigm offers an inconclusive explanation as the world continually moves towards an unhealthier and heavier existence irrespective of energy balance. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals that resemble natural hormones and disrupt endocrine function by interfering with the body’s endogenous hormones. A subset of EDCs called obesogens have been found to cause metabolic disruptions such as increased fat storage, in vivo. Obesogens act on the metabolic system through multiple avenues and have been found to affect the homeostasis of a variety of systems such as the gut microbiome and adipose tissue functioning. Obesogenic compounds have been shown to cause metabolic disturbances later in life that can even pass into multiple future generations, post exposure. The rising rates of obesity and related metabolic disease are demanding increasing attention on chemical screening efforts and worldwide preventative strategies to keep the public and future generations safe. This review addresses the most current findings on known obesogens and their effects on the metabolic system, the mechanisms of action through which they act upon, and the screening efforts through which they were identified with. The interplay between obesogens, brown adipose tissue, and the gut microbiome are major topics that will be covered.Nicole MohajerChrislyn Y. DuChristian CheckcincoBruce BlumbergBruce BlumbergBruce BlumbergFrontiers Media S.A.articleEDCMDCobesityendocrine disrupting chemicalobesogensadipogenesisDiseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinologyRC648-665ENFrontiers in Endocrinology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	EDC MDC obesity endocrine disrupting chemical obesogens adipogenesis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665
spellingShingle	EDC MDC obesity endocrine disrupting chemical obesogens adipogenesis Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology RC648-665 Nicole Mohajer Chrislyn Y. Du Christian Checkcinco Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
description	Adult and childhood obesity have reached pandemic level proportions. The idea that caloric excess and insufficient levels of physical activity leads to obesity is a commonly accepted answer for unwanted weight gain. This paradigm offers an inconclusive explanation as the world continually moves towards an unhealthier and heavier existence irrespective of energy balance. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are chemicals that resemble natural hormones and disrupt endocrine function by interfering with the body’s endogenous hormones. A subset of EDCs called obesogens have been found to cause metabolic disruptions such as increased fat storage, in vivo. Obesogens act on the metabolic system through multiple avenues and have been found to affect the homeostasis of a variety of systems such as the gut microbiome and adipose tissue functioning. Obesogenic compounds have been shown to cause metabolic disturbances later in life that can even pass into multiple future generations, post exposure. The rising rates of obesity and related metabolic disease are demanding increasing attention on chemical screening efforts and worldwide preventative strategies to keep the public and future generations safe. This review addresses the most current findings on known obesogens and their effects on the metabolic system, the mechanisms of action through which they act upon, and the screening efforts through which they were identified with. The interplay between obesogens, brown adipose tissue, and the gut microbiome are major topics that will be covered.
format	article
author	Nicole Mohajer Chrislyn Y. Du Christian Checkcinco Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg
author_facet	Nicole Mohajer Chrislyn Y. Du Christian Checkcinco Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg Bruce Blumberg
author_sort	Nicole Mohajer
title	Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
title_short	Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
title_full	Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
title_fullStr	Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
title_full_unstemmed	Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action
title_sort	obesogens: how they are identified and molecular mechanisms underlying their action
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec1af0437c8a40f78c3bafad05e4076d
work_keys_str_mv	AT nicolemohajer obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction AT chrislynydu obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction AT christiancheckcinco obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction AT bruceblumberg obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction AT bruceblumberg obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction AT bruceblumberg obesogenshowtheyareidentifiedandmolecularmechanismsunderlyingtheiraction
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Obesogens: How They Are Identified and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Their Action

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