Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor

Bracken fern is an invasive plant that has caused serious disturbances in many ecosystems due to its ability to encroach into new areas swiftly. Adequate knowledge of the phenological cycle of bracken fern is required to serve as an important tool in formulating management plans to control the sprea...

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Autores principales:	Trylee Nyasha Matongera, Onisimo Mutanga, Mbulisi Sibanda
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec37ef8d55814a83b6cdda3b1a544d8d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec37ef8d55814a83b6cdda3b1a544d8d2021-11-04T06:49:37ZCharacterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/ec37ef8d55814a83b6cdda3b1a544d8d2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8553072/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Bracken fern is an invasive plant that has caused serious disturbances in many ecosystems due to its ability to encroach into new areas swiftly. Adequate knowledge of the phenological cycle of bracken fern is required to serve as an important tool in formulating management plans to control the spread of the fern. This study aimed to characterize the phenological cycle of bracken fern using NDVI and EVI2 time series data derived from Sentinel-2 sensor. The TIMESAT program was used for removing low quality data values, model fitting and for extracting bracken fern phenological metrics. The Sentinel-2 satellite-derived phenological metrics were compared with the corresponding bracken fern phenological events observed on the ground. Findings from our study revealed that bracken fern phenological metrics estimated from satellite data were in close agreement with ground observed phenological events with R2 values ranging from 0.53–0.85 (p < 0.05). Although they are comparable, our study shows that NDVI and EVI2 differ in their ability to track the phenological cycle of bracken fern. Overall, EVI2 performed better in estimating bracken fern phenological metrics as it related more to ground observed phenological events compared to NDVI. The key phenological metrics extracted in this study are critical for improving the precision in the controlling of the spread of bracken fern as well as in implementing active protection strategies against the invasion of highly susceptible rangelands.Trylee Nyasha MatongeraOnisimo MutangaMbulisi SibandaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Trylee Nyasha Matongera Onisimo Mutanga Mbulisi Sibanda Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
description	Bracken fern is an invasive plant that has caused serious disturbances in many ecosystems due to its ability to encroach into new areas swiftly. Adequate knowledge of the phenological cycle of bracken fern is required to serve as an important tool in formulating management plans to control the spread of the fern. This study aimed to characterize the phenological cycle of bracken fern using NDVI and EVI2 time series data derived from Sentinel-2 sensor. The TIMESAT program was used for removing low quality data values, model fitting and for extracting bracken fern phenological metrics. The Sentinel-2 satellite-derived phenological metrics were compared with the corresponding bracken fern phenological events observed on the ground. Findings from our study revealed that bracken fern phenological metrics estimated from satellite data were in close agreement with ground observed phenological events with R2 values ranging from 0.53–0.85 (p < 0.05). Although they are comparable, our study shows that NDVI and EVI2 differ in their ability to track the phenological cycle of bracken fern. Overall, EVI2 performed better in estimating bracken fern phenological metrics as it related more to ground observed phenological events compared to NDVI. The key phenological metrics extracted in this study are critical for improving the precision in the controlling of the spread of bracken fern as well as in implementing active protection strategies against the invasion of highly susceptible rangelands.
format	article
author	Trylee Nyasha Matongera Onisimo Mutanga Mbulisi Sibanda
author_facet	Trylee Nyasha Matongera Onisimo Mutanga Mbulisi Sibanda
author_sort	Trylee Nyasha Matongera
title	Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
title_short	Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
title_full	Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
title_fullStr	Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
title_full_unstemmed	Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor
title_sort	characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from sentinel-2 satellite sensor
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec37ef8d55814a83b6cdda3b1a544d8d
work_keys_str_mv	AT tryleenyashamatongera characterizingbrackenfernphenologicalcycleusingtimeseriesdataderivedfromsentinel2satellitesensor AT onisimomutanga characterizingbrackenfernphenologicalcycleusingtimeseriesdataderivedfromsentinel2satellitesensor AT mbulisisibanda characterizingbrackenfernphenologicalcycleusingtimeseriesdataderivedfromsentinel2satellitesensor
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Characterizing bracken fern phenological cycle using time series data derived from Sentinel-2 satellite sensor

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