A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion

The issues of trace element emissions during coal combustion has been a concern in recent years due to their environmental pollutant. To study the trace element transformation, the thermodynamic calculation (FactSage 7.2) was used. Five kinds of pure mineral oxides (Al<sub>2</sub>O<su...

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Autores principales:	Ulung Muhammad Sutopo, Erda Rahmilaila Desfitri, Yukio Hayakawa, Shinji Kambara
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	coal fly ash trace elements combustion process thermodynamic calculation Mineralogy QE351-399.2
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec43c315a127482589ecfc683ce41d08
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec43c315a127482589ecfc683ce41d082021-11-25T18:26:44ZA Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion10.3390/min111112702075-163Xhttps://doaj.org/article/ec43c315a127482589ecfc683ce41d082021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-163X/11/11/1270https://doaj.org/toc/2075-163XThe issues of trace element emissions during coal combustion has been a concern in recent years due to their environmental pollutant. To study the trace element transformation, the thermodynamic calculation (FactSage 7.2) was used. Five kinds of pure mineral oxides (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, and MgO) and As, B, Cr, F, and Se in fly ash were considered for trace elements. The results confirm that all mineral oxides have a good correlation with arsenic to form Ca<sub>3</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, FeAsO<sub>4</sub>, K<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>4</sub>, and Mg<sub>3</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. Boron has a good relationship with Al, Ca, and Mg to form (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>9</sub>(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, and Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>. Chromium has a good correlation with K and Ca to form K<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>, CaCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Furthermore, FeF<sub>3(s)</sub> KF<sub>(s)</sub>, and AlF<sub>3(s)</sub> are predicted from the interaction of fluorine with Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The effect of mineral oxides on selenium partitioning are not observed. The inhibition order of trace elements by mineral oxides is as follow: As (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > MgO > CaO > Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > K<sub>2</sub>O), B (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, > MgO), Cr (CaO > K<sub>2</sub>O > Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), F (CaO > MgO > Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > K<sub>2</sub>O). The results will be useful to control the trace element emissions.Ulung Muhammad SutopoErda Rahmilaila DesfitriYukio HayakawaShinji KambaraMDPI AGarticlecoal fly ashtrace elementscombustion processthermodynamic calculationMineralogyQE351-399.2ENMinerals, Vol 11, Iss 1270, p 1270 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	coal fly ash trace elements combustion process thermodynamic calculation Mineralogy QE351-399.2
spellingShingle	coal fly ash trace elements combustion process thermodynamic calculation Mineralogy QE351-399.2 Ulung Muhammad Sutopo Erda Rahmilaila Desfitri Yukio Hayakawa Shinji Kambara A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
description	The issues of trace element emissions during coal combustion has been a concern in recent years due to their environmental pollutant. To study the trace element transformation, the thermodynamic calculation (FactSage 7.2) was used. Five kinds of pure mineral oxides (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, and MgO) and As, B, Cr, F, and Se in fly ash were considered for trace elements. The results confirm that all mineral oxides have a good correlation with arsenic to form Ca<sub>3</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, FeAsO<sub>4</sub>, K<sub>3</sub>AsO<sub>4</sub>, and Mg<sub>3</sub>(AsO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>. Boron has a good relationship with Al, Ca, and Mg to form (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>9</sub>(B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>, Ca<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>, and Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>6</sub>. Chromium has a good correlation with K and Ca to form K<sub>2</sub>CrO<sub>4</sub>, CaCr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>. Furthermore, FeF<sub>3(s)</sub> KF<sub>(s)</sub>, and AlF<sub>3(s)</sub> are predicted from the interaction of fluorine with Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, and Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. The effect of mineral oxides on selenium partitioning are not observed. The inhibition order of trace elements by mineral oxides is as follow: As (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > MgO > CaO > Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > K<sub>2</sub>O), B (Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, CaO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, K<sub>2</sub>O, > MgO), Cr (CaO > K<sub>2</sub>O > Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, MgO, Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>), F (CaO > MgO > Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> > K<sub>2</sub>O). The results will be useful to control the trace element emissions.
format	article
author	Ulung Muhammad Sutopo Erda Rahmilaila Desfitri Yukio Hayakawa Shinji Kambara
author_facet	Ulung Muhammad Sutopo Erda Rahmilaila Desfitri Yukio Hayakawa Shinji Kambara
author_sort	Ulung Muhammad Sutopo
title	A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
title_short	A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
title_full	A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
title_fullStr	A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
title_full_unstemmed	A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion
title_sort	role of mineral oxides on trace elements behavior during pulverized coal combustion
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec43c315a127482589ecfc683ce41d08
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A Role of Mineral Oxides on Trace Elements Behavior during Pulverized Coal Combustion

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