Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?

Zhiyou Cai,1 Guanghui Chen,1 Wenbo He,1 Ming Xiao,2 Liang-Jun Yan31Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peop...

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Autores principales: Cai Z, Chen G, He W, Xiao M, Yan LJ
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2015
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:ec4a8021a322446b9a23fb17eb23e8572021-12-02T02:34:28ZActivation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?1178-2021https://doaj.org/article/ec4a8021a322446b9a23fb17eb23e8572015-04-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.dovepress.com/activation-of-mtor-a-culprit-of-alzheimerrsquos-disease-peer-reviewed-article-NDThttps://doaj.org/toc/1178-2021 Zhiyou Cai,1 Guanghui Chen,1 Wenbo He,1 Ming Xiao,2 Liang-Jun Yan31Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment in clinical presentation, and by β-amyloid (Aβ) production and the hyper-phosphorylation of tau in basic research. More highlights demonstrate that the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) enhances Aβ generation and deposition by modulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and upregulating β- and γ-secretases. mTOR, an inhibitor of autophagy, decreases Aβ clearance by scissoring autophagy function. mTOR regulates Aβ generation or Aβ clearance by regulating several key signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase 3 [GSK-3], AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The activation of mTOR is also a contributor to aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau. Rapamycin, the inhibitor of mTOR, may mitigate cognitive impairment and inhibit the pathologies associated with amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles by promoting autophagy. Furthermore, the upstream and downstream components of mTOR signaling are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Hence, inhibiting the activation of mTOR may be an important therapeutic target for AD. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, mammalian target of rapamycin, rapamycin, β-amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, signalingCai ZChen GHe WXiao MYan LJDove Medical PressarticleNeurosciences. Biological psychiatry. NeuropsychiatryRC321-571Neurology. Diseases of the nervous systemRC346-429ENNeuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, Vol 2015, Iss default, Pp 1015-1030 (2015)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
RC321-571
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
spellingShingle Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
RC321-571
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
RC346-429
Cai Z
Chen G
He W
Xiao M
Yan LJ
Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
description Zhiyou Cai,1 Guanghui Chen,1 Wenbo He,1 Ming Xiao,2 Liang-Jun Yan31Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, Shiyan, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anatomy, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA Abstract: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by cognitive impairment in clinical presentation, and by β-amyloid (Aβ) production and the hyper-phosphorylation of tau in basic research. More highlights demonstrate that the activation of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) enhances Aβ generation and deposition by modulating amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism and upregulating β- and γ-secretases. mTOR, an inhibitor of autophagy, decreases Aβ clearance by scissoring autophagy function. mTOR regulates Aβ generation or Aβ clearance by regulating several key signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K)/protein kinase B (Akt), glycogen synthase kinase 3 [GSK-3], AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). The activation of mTOR is also a contributor to aberrant hyperphosphorylated tau. Rapamycin, the inhibitor of mTOR, may mitigate cognitive impairment and inhibit the pathologies associated with amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles by promoting autophagy. Furthermore, the upstream and downstream components of mTOR signaling are involved in the pathogenesis and progression of AD. Hence, inhibiting the activation of mTOR may be an important therapeutic target for AD. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, mammalian target of rapamycin, rapamycin, β-amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles, signaling
format article
author Cai Z
Chen G
He W
Xiao M
Yan LJ
author_facet Cai Z
Chen G
He W
Xiao M
Yan LJ
author_sort Cai Z
title Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
title_short Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
title_full Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
title_fullStr Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
title_full_unstemmed Activation of mTOR: a culprit of Alzheimer’s disease?
title_sort activation of mtor: a culprit of alzheimer’s disease?
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2015
url https://doaj.org/article/ec4a8021a322446b9a23fb17eb23e857
work_keys_str_mv AT caiz activationofmtoraculpritofalzheimerrsquosdisease
AT cheng activationofmtoraculpritofalzheimerrsquosdisease
AT hew activationofmtoraculpritofalzheimerrsquosdisease
AT xiaom activationofmtoraculpritofalzheimerrsquosdisease
AT yanlj activationofmtoraculpritofalzheimerrsquosdisease
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