Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.

Scrapie is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease of small ruminants caused by an accumulation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein in the central nervous system. Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (PRNP) strongly modulate scrapie resistance and incubation period in goats. The aim of...

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Autores principales: Mohamed Zeineldin, Kimberly Lehman, Natalie Urie, Matthew Branan, Alyson Wiedenheft, Katherine Marshall, Suelee Robbe-Austerman, Tyler Thacker
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Publicado: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:ec99e33d6cf549cc81aebfefa65b44402021-12-02T20:06:50ZLarge-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0254998https://doaj.org/article/ec99e33d6cf549cc81aebfefa65b44402021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254998https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Scrapie is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease of small ruminants caused by an accumulation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein in the central nervous system. Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (PRNP) strongly modulate scrapie resistance and incubation period in goats. The aim of this study was to identify PRNP genetic variability in goats across the United States. Blood from a total of 6,029 apparent scrapie disease-free goats from 654 operations and 19 breeds were analyzed. Sequencing of PRNP revealed 26 genotypes with different rates based on eight codons. The GG127, RR154, and QQ222 genotypes were predominant and showed a remarkably high rate across all goats. The QK222 and NS146 genotypes, known to be protective against scrapie, were found in 0.6% [with 95% CI = (0.3, 1.2)] and 22.0% [95% CI = (19.1, 25.2)] of goats, respectively. The QK222 genotype was found in 23.1% of Oberhasli goats tested, with 95%CI = (3.9, 68.7)] and 22.0% of Toggenburg goats tested with 95%CI = (9.7, 42.5)], while NS146 was found in 65.5% of Savannah goats tested, with 95%CI = (30.8, 89.9), 36.7% of Boer goats tested, with 95%CI = (33.1, 40.4), 36.3% of Nubian goats tested, with 95%CI = (27.0, 46.7)], and 35.6% of LaMancha goats tested, with 95%CI = (22.8, 50.8%). The MM142 and IM142 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on dairy operations, while the HR143, NS146, and ND146 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on meat operations. Goats in the east region had a higher percentage of goats with RH154, RQ211, and QK222 genotypes than goats in the west region. The results of this study showed high genetic variability of PRNP among the U.S. goat population, with differences by location and breed, and may serve as a rationale for development of goat breeding programs at the national level to mitigate the risk of scrapie.Mohamed ZeineldinKimberly LehmanNatalie UrieMatthew BrananAlyson WiedenheftKatherine MarshallSuelee Robbe-AustermanTyler ThackerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 7, p e0254998 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Mohamed Zeineldin
Kimberly Lehman
Natalie Urie
Matthew Branan
Alyson Wiedenheft
Katherine Marshall
Suelee Robbe-Austerman
Tyler Thacker
Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
description Scrapie is a slowly progressive neurodegenerative disease of small ruminants caused by an accumulation of an abnormal isoform of prion protein in the central nervous system. Polymorphisms of the prion protein gene (PRNP) strongly modulate scrapie resistance and incubation period in goats. The aim of this study was to identify PRNP genetic variability in goats across the United States. Blood from a total of 6,029 apparent scrapie disease-free goats from 654 operations and 19 breeds were analyzed. Sequencing of PRNP revealed 26 genotypes with different rates based on eight codons. The GG127, RR154, and QQ222 genotypes were predominant and showed a remarkably high rate across all goats. The QK222 and NS146 genotypes, known to be protective against scrapie, were found in 0.6% [with 95% CI = (0.3, 1.2)] and 22.0% [95% CI = (19.1, 25.2)] of goats, respectively. The QK222 genotype was found in 23.1% of Oberhasli goats tested, with 95%CI = (3.9, 68.7)] and 22.0% of Toggenburg goats tested with 95%CI = (9.7, 42.5)], while NS146 was found in 65.5% of Savannah goats tested, with 95%CI = (30.8, 89.9), 36.7% of Boer goats tested, with 95%CI = (33.1, 40.4), 36.3% of Nubian goats tested, with 95%CI = (27.0, 46.7)], and 35.6% of LaMancha goats tested, with 95%CI = (22.8, 50.8%). The MM142 and IM142 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on dairy operations, while the HR143, NS146, and ND146 genotypes were found more frequently in goats on meat operations. Goats in the east region had a higher percentage of goats with RH154, RQ211, and QK222 genotypes than goats in the west region. The results of this study showed high genetic variability of PRNP among the U.S. goat population, with differences by location and breed, and may serve as a rationale for development of goat breeding programs at the national level to mitigate the risk of scrapie.
format article
author Mohamed Zeineldin
Kimberly Lehman
Natalie Urie
Matthew Branan
Alyson Wiedenheft
Katherine Marshall
Suelee Robbe-Austerman
Tyler Thacker
author_facet Mohamed Zeineldin
Kimberly Lehman
Natalie Urie
Matthew Branan
Alyson Wiedenheft
Katherine Marshall
Suelee Robbe-Austerman
Tyler Thacker
author_sort Mohamed Zeineldin
title Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
title_short Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
title_full Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
title_fullStr Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
title_full_unstemmed Large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the United States.
title_sort large-scale survey of prion protein genetic variability in scrapie disease-free goats from the united states.
publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/ec99e33d6cf549cc81aebfefa65b4440
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