Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of several types of cancer. Despite its efficacy, DOX can potentially cause fatal adverse effects, like cardiotoxicity. This work aimed to assess the role of inflammation in DOX-treated infant and adult mice and its pos...

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Autores principales:	Ana Reis-Mendes, Ana Isabel Padrão, José Alberto Duarte, Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro, Margarida Duarte-Araújo, Fernando Remião, Félix Carvalho, Emília Sousa, Maria Lourdes Bastos, Vera Marisa Costa
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	doxorubicin mice age cumulative dose cardiotoxicity oxidative stress Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec9e2f7caa8e4a5d832370426ace8b2f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec9e2f7caa8e4a5d832370426ace8b2f2021-11-25T16:54:27ZRole of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice10.3390/biom111117252218-273Xhttps://doaj.org/article/ec9e2f7caa8e4a5d832370426ace8b2f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/11/1725https://doaj.org/toc/2218-273XDoxorubicin (DOX) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of several types of cancer. Despite its efficacy, DOX can potentially cause fatal adverse effects, like cardiotoxicity. This work aimed to assess the role of inflammation in DOX-treated infant and adult mice and its possible link to underlying cardiotoxicity. Two groups of CD-1 male mice of different ages (infants or adults) were subjected to biweekly DOX administrations, to reach a cumulative dose of 18.0 mg/kg, which corresponds approximately in humans to 100.6 mg/m<sup>2</sup> for infants and 108.9 mg/m<sup>2</sup> for adults a clinically relevant dose in humans. The classic plasmatic markers of cardiotoxicity increased, and that damage was confirmed by histopathological findings in both groups, although it was higher in adults. Moreover, in DOX-treated adults, an increase of cardiac fibrosis was observed, which was accompanied by an increase in specific inflammatory parameters, namely, macrophage M1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 subunit, with a trend toward increased levels of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2). On the other hand, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin (IL)-6 significantly decreased in DOX-treated adult animals. In infants, a significant increase in cardiac protein carbonylation and in the levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) was observed. In both groups, no differences were found in the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), IL-1β, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) or NF-κB p52 subunit. In conclusion, using a clinically relevant dose of DOX, our study demonstrated that cardiac effects are associated not only with the intensity of the inflammatory response but also with redox response. Adult mice seemed to be more prone to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by mechanisms related to inflammation, while infant mice seem to be protected from the damage caused by DOX, possibly by activating such antioxidant defenses as Nrf2.Ana Reis-MendesAna Isabel PadrãoJosé Alberto DuarteSalomé Gonçalves-MonteiroMargarida Duarte-AraújoFernando RemiãoFélix CarvalhoEmília SousaMaria Lourdes BastosVera Marisa CostaMDPI AGarticledoxorubicinmiceagecumulative dosecardiotoxicityoxidative stressMicrobiologyQR1-502ENBiomolecules, Vol 11, Iss 1725, p 1725 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	doxorubicin mice age cumulative dose cardiotoxicity oxidative stress Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	doxorubicin mice age cumulative dose cardiotoxicity oxidative stress Microbiology QR1-502 Ana Reis-Mendes Ana Isabel Padrão José Alberto Duarte Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Margarida Duarte-Araújo Fernando Remião Félix Carvalho Emília Sousa Maria Lourdes Bastos Vera Marisa Costa Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
description	Doxorubicin (DOX) is a topoisomerase II inhibitor commonly used in the treatment of several types of cancer. Despite its efficacy, DOX can potentially cause fatal adverse effects, like cardiotoxicity. This work aimed to assess the role of inflammation in DOX-treated infant and adult mice and its possible link to underlying cardiotoxicity. Two groups of CD-1 male mice of different ages (infants or adults) were subjected to biweekly DOX administrations, to reach a cumulative dose of 18.0 mg/kg, which corresponds approximately in humans to 100.6 mg/m<sup>2</sup> for infants and 108.9 mg/m<sup>2</sup> for adults a clinically relevant dose in humans. The classic plasmatic markers of cardiotoxicity increased, and that damage was confirmed by histopathological findings in both groups, although it was higher in adults. Moreover, in DOX-treated adults, an increase of cardiac fibrosis was observed, which was accompanied by an increase in specific inflammatory parameters, namely, macrophage M1 and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) p65 subunit, with a trend toward increased levels of the tumor necrosis factor receptor 2 (TNFR2). On the other hand, the levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and interleukin (IL)-6 significantly decreased in DOX-treated adult animals. In infants, a significant increase in cardiac protein carbonylation and in the levels of nuclear factor erythroid-2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) was observed. In both groups, no differences were found in the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), IL-1β, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) or NF-κB p52 subunit. In conclusion, using a clinically relevant dose of DOX, our study demonstrated that cardiac effects are associated not only with the intensity of the inflammatory response but also with redox response. Adult mice seemed to be more prone to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity by mechanisms related to inflammation, while infant mice seem to be protected from the damage caused by DOX, possibly by activating such antioxidant defenses as Nrf2.
format	article
author	Ana Reis-Mendes Ana Isabel Padrão José Alberto Duarte Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Margarida Duarte-Araújo Fernando Remião Félix Carvalho Emília Sousa Maria Lourdes Bastos Vera Marisa Costa
author_facet	Ana Reis-Mendes Ana Isabel Padrão José Alberto Duarte Salomé Gonçalves-Monteiro Margarida Duarte-Araújo Fernando Remião Félix Carvalho Emília Sousa Maria Lourdes Bastos Vera Marisa Costa
author_sort	Ana Reis-Mendes
title	Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
title_short	Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
title_full	Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
title_fullStr	Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
title_full_unstemmed	Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice
title_sort	role of inflammation and redox status on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in infant and adult cd-1 male mice
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec9e2f7caa8e4a5d832370426ace8b2f
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Role of Inflammation and Redox Status on Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Infant and Adult CD-1 Male Mice

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