Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome

Down syndrome (DS), trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. The Dp10(1)Yey (Dp10) is a mouse model of DS that is trisomic for orthologs of 25% of the Hsa21 protein-coding genes, the entirety of the Hsa21 syntenic region on mouse chromosome...

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Autores principales:	Ross Minter, Katheleen J. Gardiner
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	Dp10(1)Yey intellectual disability prefrontal cortex hippocampus striatum puzzle box Genetics QH426-470
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ec9e393ebbef42a59c87ac3255d31a53
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ec9e393ebbef42a59c87ac3255d31a532021-11-25T17:40:56ZTrisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome10.3390/genes121116972073-4425https://doaj.org/article/ec9e393ebbef42a59c87ac3255d31a532021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/11/1697https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4425Down syndrome (DS), trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. The Dp10(1)Yey (Dp10) is a mouse model of DS that is trisomic for orthologs of 25% of the Hsa21 protein-coding genes, the entirety of the Hsa21 syntenic region on mouse chromosome 10. Trisomic genes include several involved in brain development and function, two that modify and regulate the activities of sex hormones, and two that produce sex-specific phenotypes as null mutants. These last four are the only Hsa21 genes with known sexually dimorphic properties. Relatively little is known about the potential contributions to the DS phenotype of segmental trisomy of Mmu10 orthologs. Here, we have tested separate cohorts of female and male Dp10 mice, at 3 and 9 months of age, in an open field elevated zero maze, rotarod, and balance beam, plus the learning and memory tasks, spontaneous alternation, puzzle box, double-H maze, context fear conditioning, and acoustic startle/prepulse inhibition, that depend upon the function of the prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We show that there are age and sex-specific differences in strengths and weaknesses, suggesting that genes within the telomere proximal region of Hsa21 influence the DS phenotype.Ross MinterKatheleen J. GardinerMDPI AGarticleDp10(1)Yeyintellectual disabilityprefrontal cortexhippocampusstriatumpuzzle boxGeneticsQH426-470ENGenes, Vol 12, Iss 1697, p 1697 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Dp10(1)Yey intellectual disability prefrontal cortex hippocampus striatum puzzle box Genetics QH426-470
spellingShingle	Dp10(1)Yey intellectual disability prefrontal cortex hippocampus striatum puzzle box Genetics QH426-470 Ross Minter Katheleen J. Gardiner Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
description	Down syndrome (DS), trisomy of human chromosome 21 (Hsa21), is the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability. The Dp10(1)Yey (Dp10) is a mouse model of DS that is trisomic for orthologs of 25% of the Hsa21 protein-coding genes, the entirety of the Hsa21 syntenic region on mouse chromosome 10. Trisomic genes include several involved in brain development and function, two that modify and regulate the activities of sex hormones, and two that produce sex-specific phenotypes as null mutants. These last four are the only Hsa21 genes with known sexually dimorphic properties. Relatively little is known about the potential contributions to the DS phenotype of segmental trisomy of Mmu10 orthologs. Here, we have tested separate cohorts of female and male Dp10 mice, at 3 and 9 months of age, in an open field elevated zero maze, rotarod, and balance beam, plus the learning and memory tasks, spontaneous alternation, puzzle box, double-H maze, context fear conditioning, and acoustic startle/prepulse inhibition, that depend upon the function of the prefrontal cortex, striatum, hippocampus, and cerebellum. We show that there are age and sex-specific differences in strengths and weaknesses, suggesting that genes within the telomere proximal region of Hsa21 influence the DS phenotype.
format	article
author	Ross Minter Katheleen J. Gardiner
author_facet	Ross Minter Katheleen J. Gardiner
author_sort	Ross Minter
title	Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
title_short	Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
title_full	Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
title_fullStr	Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
title_full_unstemmed	Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome
title_sort	trisomy of human chromosome 21 orthologs mapping to mouse chromosome 10 cause age and sex-specific learning differences: relevance to down syndrome
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ec9e393ebbef42a59c87ac3255d31a53
work_keys_str_mv	AT rossminter trisomyofhumanchromosome21orthologsmappingtomousechromosome10causeageandsexspecificlearningdifferencesrelevancetodownsyndrome AT katheleenjgardiner trisomyofhumanchromosome21orthologsmappingtomousechromosome10causeageandsexspecificlearningdifferencesrelevancetodownsyndrome
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Trisomy of Human Chromosome 21 Orthologs Mapping to Mouse Chromosome 10 Cause Age and Sex-Specific Learning Differences: Relevance to Down Syndrome

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