The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study

Objectives In recent years; increasing evidence pointed out the clinical importance of adipose tissue (AT) distribution in various patient populations. In particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), was found to play a pivotal role in the developmen...

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Autores principales: Zhaoxiong Chen, Silvan Wittenberg, Timo Alexander Auer, Maxim Bashkuev, Pimrapat Gebert, Uli Fehrenbach, Dominik Geisel, Frank Graef, Sven Maerdian, Serafeim Tsitsilonis
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:ecbf66aec6d14e35ae00a46b8089200f2021-11-25T18:11:30ZThe Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study10.3390/life111112432075-1729https://doaj.org/article/ecbf66aec6d14e35ae00a46b8089200f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/11/11/1243https://doaj.org/toc/2075-1729Objectives In recent years; increasing evidence pointed out the clinical importance of adipose tissue (AT) distribution in various patient populations. In particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), was found to play a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory reaction. The aim of the present study was to examine whether body fat distribution has an impact on the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with polytrauma. Methods In our retrospective study; we filtered our institution records of the German Trauma Registry (Trauma Register DGU) from November 2018 to April 2021 and included 132 adult polytrauma patients with injury severity score (ISS) >16. Subsequently; we measured the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area based on whole-body CT scan and calculated the ratio of VAT to SAT (VSr). Thereafter, the patient population was evenly divided into three groups; respectively VSr value less than 0.4 for the first group (low ratio), 0.4–0.84 for the second group (intermediate ratio), and greater than 0.84 for the third group (high ratio). Considering the other influencing factors; the groups were further divided into subgroups in the respective analysis according to gender (male/female), BMI (<25 or ≥25), and ISS (<26 or ≥26). Result VSr was an independent factor from body mass index (BMI) (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.003; <i>p</i> = 0.553). VSr in male patients was significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Patients with low VSr had higher ISS scores (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Polytrauma patients with higher VSr tended to have lower SIRS scores and significant differences of SIRS score were found on multiple days during the whole hospitalization period. In the low VAT/SAT group, male patients, and patients with BMI greater than 25, both exhibited higher SIRS scores during hospital stay (day 16: <i>p</i> = 0.01; day 22: <i>p</i> = 0.048 and <i>p</i> = 0.011; respectively). During hospitalization, patients with higher ISS score (≥26) in the low VSr group was found to have higher SIRS score (day 16; <i>p</i> = 0.007). Over the hospital stay; serum markers of CRP; CK; and leukocyte in patients with low VSr were higher than those in patients in the intermediate and high VSr groups; with significant difference discovered on multiple days (day 16: 0.014; day 22: <i>p</i> = 0.048). Conclusion Lower VSr is associated with increased inflammatory response and worse clinical outcome in patients with polytrauma. Furthermore; VSr is an independent factor providing additional information to BMI.Zhaoxiong ChenSilvan WittenbergTimo Alexander AuerMaxim BashkuevPimrapat GebertUli FehrenbachDominik GeiselFrank GraefSven MaerdianSerafeim TsitsilonisMDPI AGarticlefat distributionsystemic inflammatory response syndromepolytraumaimage segmentationScienceQENLife, Vol 11, Iss 1243, p 1243 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic fat distribution
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
polytrauma
image segmentation
Science
Q
spellingShingle fat distribution
systemic inflammatory response syndrome
polytrauma
image segmentation
Science
Q
Zhaoxiong Chen
Silvan Wittenberg
Timo Alexander Auer
Maxim Bashkuev
Pimrapat Gebert
Uli Fehrenbach
Dominik Geisel
Frank Graef
Sven Maerdian
Serafeim Tsitsilonis
The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
description Objectives In recent years; increasing evidence pointed out the clinical importance of adipose tissue (AT) distribution in various patient populations. In particular, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), when compared to subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), was found to play a pivotal role in the development of inflammatory reaction. The aim of the present study was to examine whether body fat distribution has an impact on the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) in patients with polytrauma. Methods In our retrospective study; we filtered our institution records of the German Trauma Registry (Trauma Register DGU) from November 2018 to April 2021 and included 132 adult polytrauma patients with injury severity score (ISS) >16. Subsequently; we measured the visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue area based on whole-body CT scan and calculated the ratio of VAT to SAT (VSr). Thereafter, the patient population was evenly divided into three groups; respectively VSr value less than 0.4 for the first group (low ratio), 0.4–0.84 for the second group (intermediate ratio), and greater than 0.84 for the third group (high ratio). Considering the other influencing factors; the groups were further divided into subgroups in the respective analysis according to gender (male/female), BMI (<25 or ≥25), and ISS (<26 or ≥26). Result VSr was an independent factor from body mass index (BMI) (r<sup>2</sup> = 0.003; <i>p</i> = 0.553). VSr in male patients was significantly higher (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Patients with low VSr had higher ISS scores (<i>p</i> = 0.028). Polytrauma patients with higher VSr tended to have lower SIRS scores and significant differences of SIRS score were found on multiple days during the whole hospitalization period. In the low VAT/SAT group, male patients, and patients with BMI greater than 25, both exhibited higher SIRS scores during hospital stay (day 16: <i>p</i> = 0.01; day 22: <i>p</i> = 0.048 and <i>p</i> = 0.011; respectively). During hospitalization, patients with higher ISS score (≥26) in the low VSr group was found to have higher SIRS score (day 16; <i>p</i> = 0.007). Over the hospital stay; serum markers of CRP; CK; and leukocyte in patients with low VSr were higher than those in patients in the intermediate and high VSr groups; with significant difference discovered on multiple days (day 16: 0.014; day 22: <i>p</i> = 0.048). Conclusion Lower VSr is associated with increased inflammatory response and worse clinical outcome in patients with polytrauma. Furthermore; VSr is an independent factor providing additional information to BMI.
format article
author Zhaoxiong Chen
Silvan Wittenberg
Timo Alexander Auer
Maxim Bashkuev
Pimrapat Gebert
Uli Fehrenbach
Dominik Geisel
Frank Graef
Sven Maerdian
Serafeim Tsitsilonis
author_facet Zhaoxiong Chen
Silvan Wittenberg
Timo Alexander Auer
Maxim Bashkuev
Pimrapat Gebert
Uli Fehrenbach
Dominik Geisel
Frank Graef
Sven Maerdian
Serafeim Tsitsilonis
author_sort Zhaoxiong Chen
title The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
title_short The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
title_full The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
title_fullStr The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
title_full_unstemmed The Effect of Fat Distribution on the Inflammatory Response of Multiple Trauma Patients—A Retrospective Study
title_sort effect of fat distribution on the inflammatory response of multiple trauma patients—a retrospective study
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/ecbf66aec6d14e35ae00a46b8089200f
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