Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative, highly heterogeneous disease with a variable course. The most common MS subtype is relapsing–remitting (RR), having interchanging periods of worsening and relative stabilization. After a decade, in most RR patients, it alters into the seco...

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Autores principales: Sylwia Pietrasik, Angela Dziedzic, Elzbieta Miller, Michal Starosta, Joanna Saluk-Bijak
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Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
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Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/ecd70b78b843416b90aa7bfea1687d5a
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:ecd70b78b843416b90aa7bfea1687d5a2021-11-11T17:18:14ZCirculating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review10.3390/ijms2221118871422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/ecd70b78b843416b90aa7bfea1687d5a2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11887https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative, highly heterogeneous disease with a variable course. The most common MS subtype is relapsing–remitting (RR), having interchanging periods of worsening and relative stabilization. After a decade, in most RR patients, it alters into the secondary progressive (SP) phase, the most debilitating one with no clear remissions, leading to progressive disability deterioration. Among the greatest challenges for clinicians is understanding disease progression molecular mechanisms, since RR is mainly characterized by inflammatory processes, while in SP, the neurodegeneration prevails. This is especially important because distinguishing RR from the SP subtype early will enable faster implementation of appropriate treatment. Currently, the MS course is not well-correlated with the biomarkers routinely used in clinical practice. Despite many studies, there are still no reliable indicators correlating with the disease stage and its activity degree. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be considered valuable molecules for the MS diagnosis and, presumably, helpful in predicting disease subtype. MiRNA expression dysregulation is commonly observed in the MS course. Moreover, knowledge of diverse miRNA panel expression between RRMS and SPMS may allow for deterring disability progression through successful treatment. Therefore, in this review, we address the current state of research on differences in miRNA panel expression between the phases.Sylwia PietrasikAngela DziedzicElzbieta MillerMichal StarostaJoanna Saluk-BijakMDPI AGarticlecirculating microRNArelapsing–remitting multiple sclerosissecondary progressive multiple sclerosisbiomarkerneuroinflammationBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11887, p 11887 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic circulating microRNA
relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
biomarker
neuroinflammation
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
spellingShingle circulating microRNA
relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis
secondary progressive multiple sclerosis
biomarker
neuroinflammation
Biology (General)
QH301-705.5
Chemistry
QD1-999
Sylwia Pietrasik
Angela Dziedzic
Elzbieta Miller
Michal Starosta
Joanna Saluk-Bijak
Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
description Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurodegenerative, highly heterogeneous disease with a variable course. The most common MS subtype is relapsing–remitting (RR), having interchanging periods of worsening and relative stabilization. After a decade, in most RR patients, it alters into the secondary progressive (SP) phase, the most debilitating one with no clear remissions, leading to progressive disability deterioration. Among the greatest challenges for clinicians is understanding disease progression molecular mechanisms, since RR is mainly characterized by inflammatory processes, while in SP, the neurodegeneration prevails. This is especially important because distinguishing RR from the SP subtype early will enable faster implementation of appropriate treatment. Currently, the MS course is not well-correlated with the biomarkers routinely used in clinical practice. Despite many studies, there are still no reliable indicators correlating with the disease stage and its activity degree. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) may be considered valuable molecules for the MS diagnosis and, presumably, helpful in predicting disease subtype. MiRNA expression dysregulation is commonly observed in the MS course. Moreover, knowledge of diverse miRNA panel expression between RRMS and SPMS may allow for deterring disability progression through successful treatment. Therefore, in this review, we address the current state of research on differences in miRNA panel expression between the phases.
format article
author Sylwia Pietrasik
Angela Dziedzic
Elzbieta Miller
Michal Starosta
Joanna Saluk-Bijak
author_facet Sylwia Pietrasik
Angela Dziedzic
Elzbieta Miller
Michal Starosta
Joanna Saluk-Bijak
author_sort Sylwia Pietrasik
title Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
title_short Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
title_full Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
title_fullStr Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
title_full_unstemmed Circulating miRNAs as Potential Biomarkers Distinguishing Relapsing–Remitting from Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis. A Review
title_sort circulating mirnas as potential biomarkers distinguishing relapsing–remitting from secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. a review
publisher MDPI AG
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/ecd70b78b843416b90aa7bfea1687d5a
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