The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.

The extent to which people regard others as full-blown individuals with mental states ("humanization") seems crucial for their prosocial motivation towards them. Previous research has shown that decisions about moral dilemmas in which one person can be sacrificed to save multiple others do...

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Autores principales:	Jasminka Majdandžić, Herbert Bauer, Christian Windischberger, Ewald Moser, Elisabeth Engl, Claus Lamm
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ece55efa65584e1cb4c0d6e6637a7eec
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ece55efa65584e1cb4c0d6e6637a7eec2021-11-18T08:11:38ZThe human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0047698https://doaj.org/article/ece55efa65584e1cb4c0d6e6637a7eec2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23082194/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The extent to which people regard others as full-blown individuals with mental states ("humanization") seems crucial for their prosocial motivation towards them. Previous research has shown that decisions about moral dilemmas in which one person can be sacrificed to save multiple others do not consistently follow utilitarian principles. We hypothesized that this behavior can be explained by the potential victim's perceived humanness and an ensuing increase in vicarious emotions and emotional conflict during decision making. Using fMRI, we assessed neural activity underlying moral decisions that affected fictitious persons that had or had not been experimentally humanized. In implicit priming trials, participants either engaged in mentalizing about these persons (Humanized condition) or not (Neutral condition). In subsequent moral dilemmas, participants had to decide about sacrificing these persons' lives in order to save the lives of numerous others. Humanized persons were sacrificed less often, and the activation pattern during decisions about them indicated increased negative affect, emotional conflict, vicarious emotions, and behavioral control (pgACC/mOFC, anterior insula/IFG, aMCC and precuneus/PCC). Besides, we found enhanced effective connectivity between aMCC and anterior insula, which suggests increased emotion regulation during decisions affecting humanized victims. These findings highlight the importance of others' perceived humanness for prosocial behavior - with aversive affect and other-related concern when imagining harming more "human-like" persons acting against purely utilitarian decisions.Jasminka MajdandžićHerbert BauerChristian WindischbergerEwald MoserElisabeth EnglClaus LammPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 10, p e47698 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Jasminka Majdandžić Herbert Bauer Christian Windischberger Ewald Moser Elisabeth Engl Claus Lamm The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
description	The extent to which people regard others as full-blown individuals with mental states ("humanization") seems crucial for their prosocial motivation towards them. Previous research has shown that decisions about moral dilemmas in which one person can be sacrificed to save multiple others do not consistently follow utilitarian principles. We hypothesized that this behavior can be explained by the potential victim's perceived humanness and an ensuing increase in vicarious emotions and emotional conflict during decision making. Using fMRI, we assessed neural activity underlying moral decisions that affected fictitious persons that had or had not been experimentally humanized. In implicit priming trials, participants either engaged in mentalizing about these persons (Humanized condition) or not (Neutral condition). In subsequent moral dilemmas, participants had to decide about sacrificing these persons' lives in order to save the lives of numerous others. Humanized persons were sacrificed less often, and the activation pattern during decisions about them indicated increased negative affect, emotional conflict, vicarious emotions, and behavioral control (pgACC/mOFC, anterior insula/IFG, aMCC and precuneus/PCC). Besides, we found enhanced effective connectivity between aMCC and anterior insula, which suggests increased emotion regulation during decisions affecting humanized victims. These findings highlight the importance of others' perceived humanness for prosocial behavior - with aversive affect and other-related concern when imagining harming more "human-like" persons acting against purely utilitarian decisions.
format	article
author	Jasminka Majdandžić Herbert Bauer Christian Windischberger Ewald Moser Elisabeth Engl Claus Lamm
author_facet	Jasminka Majdandžić Herbert Bauer Christian Windischberger Ewald Moser Elisabeth Engl Claus Lamm
author_sort	Jasminka Majdandžić
title	The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
title_short	The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
title_full	The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
title_fullStr	The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
title_full_unstemmed	The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
title_sort	human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/ece55efa65584e1cb4c0d6e6637a7eec
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The human factor: behavioral and neural correlates of humanized perception in moral decision making.

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