Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny

Efficacy of Precocene I from <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> as an Effective Bioactive Molecules against the <i>Spodoptera litura</i> Fab. and Its Impact on <i>Eisenia fetida</i> Savigny

The sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isol...

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Autores principales: Narayanan Shyam Sundar, Sengodan Karthi, Haridoss Sivanesh, Vethamonickam Stanley-Raja, Kanagaraj Muthu-Pandian Chanthini, Ramakrishnan Ramasubramanian, Govindaraju Ramkumar, Athirstam Ponsankar, Kilapavoor Raman Narayanan, Prabhakaran Vasantha-Srinivasan, Jawaher Alkahtani, Mona S. Alwahibi, Wayne Brian Hunter, Sengottayan Senthil-Nathan, Krutmuang Patcharin, Ahmed Abdel-Megeed, Rady Shawer, Aml Ghaith
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: MDPI AG 2021
Materias:
armyworm
botanicals insecticides
phytochemical
toxicity
Noctuidae
histology
Organic chemistry
QD241-441
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/ed026714be364718a7f3dd70d15c6db6
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Sumario:The sustainability of agroecosystems are maintained with agro-chemicals. However, after more than 80 years of intensive use, many pests and pathogens have developed resistance to the currently used chemistries. Thus, we explored the isolation and bioactivity of a chemical compound, Precocene I, isolated from the perennial grass, <i>Desmosstachya bipinnata</i> (L.) Stapf. Fractions produced from chloroform extractions showed suppressive activity on larvae of <i>Spodoptera litura</i> (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), the Oriental armyworm. Column chromatography analyses identified Precocene I confirmed using FTIR, HPLC and NMR techniques. The bioactivity of the plant-extracted Dp-Precocene I was compared to a commercially produced Precocene I standard. The percentage of mortality observed in insects fed on plant tissue treated with 60 ppm Db-Precocene I was 97, 87 and 81, respectively, for the second, third and fourth instar larvae. The LC<sub>50</sub> value of third instars was 23.2 ppm. The percentages of survival, pupation, fecundity and egg hatch were altered at sub-lethal concentrations of Db-Precocene I (2, 4, 6 and 8 ppm, sprays on castor leaves). The observed effects were negatively correlated with concentration, with a decrease in effects as concentrations increased. Distinct changes in feeding activity and damage to gut tissues were observed upon histological examination of <i>S. litura</i> larvae after the ingestion of Db-Precocene I treatments. Comparative analyses of mortality on a non-target organism, the earthworm, <i>Eisenia fetida</i>, at equal concentrations of Precocene I and two chemical pesticides (cypermethrin and monocrotophos) produced mortality only with the chemical pesticide treatments. These results of Db-Precocene I as a highly active bioactive compound support further research to develop production from the grass <i>D. bipinnata</i> as an affordable resource for Precocene-I-based insecticides.

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