A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study
Abstract Baseball players frequently injure their shoulders and elbows. Preseason risk factors for such injuries have been relatively well studied, but in-season risk factors are less known, and the relationship between the number of pitches and the incidence of such injuries in baseball pitchers of...
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Nature Portfolio
2020
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oai:doaj.org-article:ed07f15c98b942bc85fad977ce27acb42021-12-02T13:58:10ZA small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study10.1038/s41598-020-78957-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ed07f15c98b942bc85fad977ce27acb42020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78957-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Baseball players frequently injure their shoulders and elbows. Preseason risk factors for such injuries have been relatively well studied, but in-season risk factors are less known, and the relationship between the number of pitches and the incidence of such injuries in baseball pitchers of any level is unclear. Identifying the risk factors related to the number of daily pitches is particularly important to prevent baseball-related arm injuries among young pitchers. Thus, we prospectively investigated the relationship between the number of daily full-power pitches in high school baseball pitchers and the incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries. We observed that a small number of daily full-power pitches, < 30 pitches per day, in high school baseball pitchers, significantly increased the risk of shoulder and elbow injuries: these players had a 2.3-times greater risk of injuries and a 45-day earlier occurrence of injuries than those pitching ≥ 30 pitches per day. Although unexpected, this was plausible as continuous daily pitching is required to maintain physical condition in growing and maturing high school pitchers. These findings may form the basis for establishing guidelines regarding the appropriate number of daily pitches required to prevent shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball pitchers.Hitoshi ShitaraTsuyoshi TajikaTakuro KuboiTsuyoshi IchinoseTsuyoshi SasakiNoritaka HamanoTakafumi EndoMasataka KamiyamaAtsushi YamamotoTsutomu KobayashiKenji TakagishiHirotaka ChikudaNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-6 (2020) |
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Medicine R Science Q |
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Medicine R Science Q Hitoshi Shitara Tsuyoshi Tajika Takuro Kuboi Tsuyoshi Ichinose Tsuyoshi Sasaki Noritaka Hamano Takafumi Endo Masataka Kamiyama Atsushi Yamamoto Tsutomu Kobayashi Kenji Takagishi Hirotaka Chikuda A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| description |
Abstract Baseball players frequently injure their shoulders and elbows. Preseason risk factors for such injuries have been relatively well studied, but in-season risk factors are less known, and the relationship between the number of pitches and the incidence of such injuries in baseball pitchers of any level is unclear. Identifying the risk factors related to the number of daily pitches is particularly important to prevent baseball-related arm injuries among young pitchers. Thus, we prospectively investigated the relationship between the number of daily full-power pitches in high school baseball pitchers and the incidence of shoulder and elbow injuries. We observed that a small number of daily full-power pitches, < 30 pitches per day, in high school baseball pitchers, significantly increased the risk of shoulder and elbow injuries: these players had a 2.3-times greater risk of injuries and a 45-day earlier occurrence of injuries than those pitching ≥ 30 pitches per day. Although unexpected, this was plausible as continuous daily pitching is required to maintain physical condition in growing and maturing high school pitchers. These findings may form the basis for establishing guidelines regarding the appropriate number of daily pitches required to prevent shoulder and elbow injuries in high school baseball pitchers. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Hitoshi Shitara Tsuyoshi Tajika Takuro Kuboi Tsuyoshi Ichinose Tsuyoshi Sasaki Noritaka Hamano Takafumi Endo Masataka Kamiyama Atsushi Yamamoto Tsutomu Kobayashi Kenji Takagishi Hirotaka Chikuda |
| author_facet |
Hitoshi Shitara Tsuyoshi Tajika Takuro Kuboi Tsuyoshi Ichinose Tsuyoshi Sasaki Noritaka Hamano Takafumi Endo Masataka Kamiyama Atsushi Yamamoto Tsutomu Kobayashi Kenji Takagishi Hirotaka Chikuda |
| author_sort |
Hitoshi Shitara |
| title |
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| title_short |
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| title_full |
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| title_fullStr |
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed |
A small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| title_sort |
small number of daily pitches induces shoulder and elbow injuries among high school baseball pitchers: a prospective study |
| publisher |
Nature Portfolio |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/ed07f15c98b942bc85fad977ce27acb4 |
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