Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.

Exposure to microgravity causes loss of lower body bone mass in some astronauts. Low-magnitude high-frequency loading can stimulate bone formation on earth. Here we hypothesized that low-magnitude high-frequency loading will also stimulate bone formation under microgravity conditions. Two groups of...

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Autores principales:	Antonia Torcasio, Katharina Jähn, Maarten Van Guyse, Pieter Spaepen, Andrea E Tami, Jos Vander Sloten, Martin J Stoddart, G Harry van Lenthe
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed1663772dc1447483e8f5e0601707d1
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed1663772dc1447483e8f5e0601707d12021-11-18T08:20:57ZTrabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0093527https://doaj.org/article/ed1663772dc1447483e8f5e0601707d12014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24787094/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Exposure to microgravity causes loss of lower body bone mass in some astronauts. Low-magnitude high-frequency loading can stimulate bone formation on earth. Here we hypothesized that low-magnitude high-frequency loading will also stimulate bone formation under microgravity conditions. Two groups of six bovine cancellous bone explants were cultured at microgravity on a Russian Foton-M3 spacecraft and were either loaded dynamically using a sinusoidal curve or experienced only a static load. Comparable reference groups were investigated at normal gravity. Bone structure was assessed by histology, and mechanical competence was quantified using μCT and FE modelling; bone remodelling was assessed by fluorescent labelling and secreted bone turnover markers. Statistical analyses on morphometric parameters and apparent stiffness did not reveal significant differences between the treatment groups. The release of bone formation marker from the groups cultured at normal gravity increased significantly from the first to the second week of the experiment by 90.4% and 82.5% in response to static and dynamic loading, respectively. Bone resorption markers decreased significantly for the groups cultured at microgravity by 7.5% and 8.0% in response to static and dynamic loading, respectively. We found low strain magnitudes to drive bone turnover when applied at high frequency, and this to be valid at normal as well as at microgravity. In conclusion, we found the effect of mechanical loading on trabecular bone to be regulated mainly by an increase of bone formation at normal gravity and by a decrease in bone resorption at microgravity. Additional studies with extended experimental time and increased samples number appear necessary for a further understanding of the anabolic potential of dynamic loading on bone quality and mechanical competence.Antonia TorcasioKatharina JähnMaarten Van GuysePieter SpaepenAndrea E TamiJos Vander SlotenMartin J StoddartG Harry van LenthePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 5, p e93527 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Antonia Torcasio Katharina Jähn Maarten Van Guyse Pieter Spaepen Andrea E Tami Jos Vander Sloten Martin J Stoddart G Harry van Lenthe Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
description	Exposure to microgravity causes loss of lower body bone mass in some astronauts. Low-magnitude high-frequency loading can stimulate bone formation on earth. Here we hypothesized that low-magnitude high-frequency loading will also stimulate bone formation under microgravity conditions. Two groups of six bovine cancellous bone explants were cultured at microgravity on a Russian Foton-M3 spacecraft and were either loaded dynamically using a sinusoidal curve or experienced only a static load. Comparable reference groups were investigated at normal gravity. Bone structure was assessed by histology, and mechanical competence was quantified using μCT and FE modelling; bone remodelling was assessed by fluorescent labelling and secreted bone turnover markers. Statistical analyses on morphometric parameters and apparent stiffness did not reveal significant differences between the treatment groups. The release of bone formation marker from the groups cultured at normal gravity increased significantly from the first to the second week of the experiment by 90.4% and 82.5% in response to static and dynamic loading, respectively. Bone resorption markers decreased significantly for the groups cultured at microgravity by 7.5% and 8.0% in response to static and dynamic loading, respectively. We found low strain magnitudes to drive bone turnover when applied at high frequency, and this to be valid at normal as well as at microgravity. In conclusion, we found the effect of mechanical loading on trabecular bone to be regulated mainly by an increase of bone formation at normal gravity and by a decrease in bone resorption at microgravity. Additional studies with extended experimental time and increased samples number appear necessary for a further understanding of the anabolic potential of dynamic loading on bone quality and mechanical competence.
format	article
author	Antonia Torcasio Katharina Jähn Maarten Van Guyse Pieter Spaepen Andrea E Tami Jos Vander Sloten Martin J Stoddart G Harry van Lenthe
author_facet	Antonia Torcasio Katharina Jähn Maarten Van Guyse Pieter Spaepen Andrea E Tami Jos Vander Sloten Martin J Stoddart G Harry van Lenthe
author_sort	Antonia Torcasio
title	Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
title_short	Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
title_full	Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
title_fullStr	Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
title_full_unstemmed	Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
title_sort	trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed1663772dc1447483e8f5e0601707d1
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Trabecular bone adaptation to low-magnitude high-frequency loading in microgravity.

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