Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears

Abstract One type of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by contamination fears and compulsive cleansing. Few effective treatments are available for this debilitating condition. Compulsive symptoms, such as excessive washing, are believed to be mediated by cognitive inflexibility—ar...

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Autores principales:	Baland Jalal, Annette Brühl, Claire O’Callaghan, Thomas Piercy, Rudolf N. Cardinal, Vilayanur S. Ramachandran, Barbara J. Sahakian
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2018
Materias:	Smartphone Interventions Contamination Fears Cognitive Flexibility Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed1e2e92813040a0b0f505dee7e3e513
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed1e2e92813040a0b0f505dee7e3e5132021-12-02T15:07:56ZNovel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears10.1038/s41598-018-33142-22045-2322https://doaj.org/article/ed1e2e92813040a0b0f505dee7e3e5132018-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-33142-2https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract One type of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by contamination fears and compulsive cleansing. Few effective treatments are available for this debilitating condition. Compulsive symptoms, such as excessive washing, are believed to be mediated by cognitive inflexibility—arguably the most striking cognitive impairment in OCD. In this study, we investigated the effects of two novel smartphone interventions on cognitive flexibility and OCD symptoms in healthy individuals with OCD-like contamination fears. In the first intervention, participants watched a brief video recording of themselves engaging in handwashing on a smartphone, four times a day, for a total of one week (N = 31). The second intervention was similar except that participants watched themselves repeatedly touching a disgust-inducing object (N = 31). In a third (control) “intervention”, participants watched themselves performing sequential hand movements (N = 31). As hypothesized, the two smartphone interventions, unlike the control, improved cognitive flexibility; as assessed on the Intradimensional–Extradimensional Set Shifting task (a sensitive marker of cognitive flexibility). The two interventions, unlike the control, also improved OCD symptoms (measured with the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory–Revised and Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale). Finally, we found high levels of adherence to the interventions. These findings have significant clinical implications for OCD.Baland JalalAnnette BrühlClaire O’CallaghanThomas PiercyRudolf N. CardinalVilayanur S. RamachandranBarbara J. SahakianNature PortfolioarticleSmartphone InterventionsContamination FearsCognitive FlexibilityObsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R)Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS)MedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2018)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Smartphone Interventions Contamination Fears Cognitive Flexibility Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Smartphone Interventions Contamination Fears Cognitive Flexibility Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R) Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) Medicine R Science Q Baland Jalal Annette Brühl Claire O’Callaghan Thomas Piercy Rudolf N. Cardinal Vilayanur S. Ramachandran Barbara J. Sahakian Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
description	Abstract One type of obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is characterized by contamination fears and compulsive cleansing. Few effective treatments are available for this debilitating condition. Compulsive symptoms, such as excessive washing, are believed to be mediated by cognitive inflexibility—arguably the most striking cognitive impairment in OCD. In this study, we investigated the effects of two novel smartphone interventions on cognitive flexibility and OCD symptoms in healthy individuals with OCD-like contamination fears. In the first intervention, participants watched a brief video recording of themselves engaging in handwashing on a smartphone, four times a day, for a total of one week (N = 31). The second intervention was similar except that participants watched themselves repeatedly touching a disgust-inducing object (N = 31). In a third (control) “intervention”, participants watched themselves performing sequential hand movements (N = 31). As hypothesized, the two smartphone interventions, unlike the control, improved cognitive flexibility; as assessed on the Intradimensional–Extradimensional Set Shifting task (a sensitive marker of cognitive flexibility). The two interventions, unlike the control, also improved OCD symptoms (measured with the Obsessive–Compulsive Inventory–Revised and Yale–Brown Obsessive–Compulsive Scale). Finally, we found high levels of adherence to the interventions. These findings have significant clinical implications for OCD.
format	article
author	Baland Jalal Annette Brühl Claire O’Callaghan Thomas Piercy Rudolf N. Cardinal Vilayanur S. Ramachandran Barbara J. Sahakian
author_facet	Baland Jalal Annette Brühl Claire O’Callaghan Thomas Piercy Rudolf N. Cardinal Vilayanur S. Ramachandran Barbara J. Sahakian
author_sort	Baland Jalal
title	Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
title_short	Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
title_full	Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
title_fullStr	Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
title_full_unstemmed	Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears
title_sort	novel smartphone interventions improve cognitive flexibility and obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms in individuals with contamination fears
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2018
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed1e2e92813040a0b0f505dee7e3e513
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Novel Smartphone Interventions Improve Cognitive Flexibility and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Symptoms in Individuals with Contamination Fears

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