Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria

Malarial disease caused by Plasmodium parasites challenges the mammalian immune system with a delicate balancing act. Robust inflammatory responses are required to control parasite replication within red blood cells, which if unchecked, can lead to severe anemia and fatality. However, the same infla...

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Autores principales:	Lisa L. Drewry, John T. Harty
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Taylor & Francis Group 2020
Materias:	malaria tgf-β inflammation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed25f218519843fb8eeb1e97a0716ef7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed25f218519843fb8eeb1e97a0716ef72021-11-17T14:21:57ZBalancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria2150-55942150-560810.1080/21505594.2020.1726569https://doaj.org/article/ed25f218519843fb8eeb1e97a0716ef72020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21505594.2020.1726569https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5594https://doaj.org/toc/2150-5608Malarial disease caused by Plasmodium parasites challenges the mammalian immune system with a delicate balancing act. Robust inflammatory responses are required to control parasite replication within red blood cells, which if unchecked, can lead to severe anemia and fatality. However, the same inflammatory response that controls parasite replication is also associated with immunopathology and severe disease, as is exemplified by cerebral malaria. A robust literature has identified critical roles for innate, cellular, and humoral immune responses orchestrated by IFN-γ and TH1 type responses in controlling blood stage malarial disease. In contrast, TGF-β and IL-10 have been identified as important anti–inflammatory immunomodulators that help to limit inflammation and pathology during malaria. TGF-β is a pleiotropic cytokine, with the ability to exert a wide variety of context-dependent immunomodulatory roles. The specific mechanisms that allow TGF-β to protect against malarial pathology remain essentially unexplored and offer a promising avenue to dissect the most critical elements of immunomodulation in avoiding severe malaria. Here we discuss potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β during malaria in light of recent advances in our understanding of the role of Tregs during blood-stage malaria.Lisa L. DrewryJohn T. HartyTaylor & Francis Grouparticlemalariatgf-βinflammationInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENVirulence, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 159-169 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	malaria tgf-β inflammation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	malaria tgf-β inflammation Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Lisa L. Drewry John T. Harty Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
description	Malarial disease caused by Plasmodium parasites challenges the mammalian immune system with a delicate balancing act. Robust inflammatory responses are required to control parasite replication within red blood cells, which if unchecked, can lead to severe anemia and fatality. However, the same inflammatory response that controls parasite replication is also associated with immunopathology and severe disease, as is exemplified by cerebral malaria. A robust literature has identified critical roles for innate, cellular, and humoral immune responses orchestrated by IFN-γ and TH1 type responses in controlling blood stage malarial disease. In contrast, TGF-β and IL-10 have been identified as important anti–inflammatory immunomodulators that help to limit inflammation and pathology during malaria. TGF-β is a pleiotropic cytokine, with the ability to exert a wide variety of context-dependent immunomodulatory roles. The specific mechanisms that allow TGF-β to protect against malarial pathology remain essentially unexplored and offer a promising avenue to dissect the most critical elements of immunomodulation in avoiding severe malaria. Here we discuss potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β during malaria in light of recent advances in our understanding of the role of Tregs during blood-stage malaria.
format	article
author	Lisa L. Drewry John T. Harty
author_facet	Lisa L. Drewry John T. Harty
author_sort	Lisa L. Drewry
title	Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
title_short	Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
title_full	Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
title_fullStr	Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
title_full_unstemmed	Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
title_sort	balancing in a black box: potential immunomodulatory roles for tgf-β signaling during blood-stage malaria
publisher	Taylor & Francis Group
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed25f218519843fb8eeb1e97a0716ef7
work_keys_str_mv	AT lisaldrewry balancinginablackboxpotentialimmunomodulatoryrolesfortgfbsignalingduringbloodstagemalaria AT johntharty balancinginablackboxpotentialimmunomodulatoryrolesfortgfbsignalingduringbloodstagemalaria
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Balancing in a black box: Potential immunomodulatory roles for TGF-β signaling during blood-stage malaria

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