Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes

The prevalence of different routes of administration (ROAs) of illicit drugs other than cannabis was examined in young Swiss men, in addition to the association between socio-demographics and adverse outcomes and particular ROAs. Our sample consisted of 754 men (mean age = 25.4 ± 1.2 years) who part...

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Autores principales:	Natalia Estévez-Lamorte, Simon Foster, Gerhard Gmel, Meichun Mohler-Kuo
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	routes of drug administration oral use nasal use smoking injecting alcohol use disorder Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed4c237c5e534172ab4b64a417e944fd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed4c237c5e534172ab4b64a417e944fd2021-11-11T16:18:35ZRoutes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes10.3390/ijerph1821111581660-46011661-7827https://doaj.org/article/ed4c237c5e534172ab4b64a417e944fd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/21/11158https://doaj.org/toc/1661-7827https://doaj.org/toc/1660-4601The prevalence of different routes of administration (ROAs) of illicit drugs other than cannabis was examined in young Swiss men, in addition to the association between socio-demographics and adverse outcomes and particular ROAs. Our sample consisted of 754 men (mean age = 25.4 ± 1.2 years) who participated in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors and reported using any of 18 illicit drugs over the last 12 months. Prevalence estimates were calculated for oral use, nasal use, smoking, injecting, and other ROAs. Associations between ROAs and socio-demographics and adverse outcomes (i.e., alcohol use disorder (AUD), suicidal ideations, and health and social consequences) were calculated for using single versus multiple ROAs. The most prevalent ROA was oral use (71.8%), followed by nasal use (59.2%), smoking (22.1%), injecting (1.1%), and other ROAs (1.7%). Subjects’ education, financial autonomy, and civil status were associated with specific ROAs. Smoking was associated with suicidal ideations and adverse health consequences and multiple ROAs with AUD, suicidal ideations, and health and social consequences. The most problematic pattern of drug use among young adults appears to be using multiple ROAs, followed by smoking. Strategies to prevent and reduce the use of such practices are needed to avoid adverse outcomes at this young age.Natalia Estévez-LamorteSimon FosterGerhard GmelMeichun Mohler-KuoMDPI AGarticleroutes of drug administrationoral usenasal usesmokinginjectingalcohol use disorderMedicineRENInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol 18, Iss 11158, p 11158 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	routes of drug administration oral use nasal use smoking injecting alcohol use disorder Medicine R
spellingShingle	routes of drug administration oral use nasal use smoking injecting alcohol use disorder Medicine R Natalia Estévez-Lamorte Simon Foster Gerhard Gmel Meichun Mohler-Kuo Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
description	The prevalence of different routes of administration (ROAs) of illicit drugs other than cannabis was examined in young Swiss men, in addition to the association between socio-demographics and adverse outcomes and particular ROAs. Our sample consisted of 754 men (mean age = 25.4 ± 1.2 years) who participated in the Cohort Study on Substance Use Risk Factors and reported using any of 18 illicit drugs over the last 12 months. Prevalence estimates were calculated for oral use, nasal use, smoking, injecting, and other ROAs. Associations between ROAs and socio-demographics and adverse outcomes (i.e., alcohol use disorder (AUD), suicidal ideations, and health and social consequences) were calculated for using single versus multiple ROAs. The most prevalent ROA was oral use (71.8%), followed by nasal use (59.2%), smoking (22.1%), injecting (1.1%), and other ROAs (1.7%). Subjects’ education, financial autonomy, and civil status were associated with specific ROAs. Smoking was associated with suicidal ideations and adverse health consequences and multiple ROAs with AUD, suicidal ideations, and health and social consequences. The most problematic pattern of drug use among young adults appears to be using multiple ROAs, followed by smoking. Strategies to prevent and reduce the use of such practices are needed to avoid adverse outcomes at this young age.
format	article
author	Natalia Estévez-Lamorte Simon Foster Gerhard Gmel Meichun Mohler-Kuo
author_facet	Natalia Estévez-Lamorte Simon Foster Gerhard Gmel Meichun Mohler-Kuo
author_sort	Natalia Estévez-Lamorte
title	Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
title_short	Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
title_full	Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
title_fullStr	Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
title_full_unstemmed	Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes
title_sort	routes of administration of illicit drugs among young swiss men: their prevalence and associated socio-demographic characteristics and adverse outcomes
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed4c237c5e534172ab4b64a417e944fd
work_keys_str_mv	AT nataliaestevezlamorte routesofadministrationofillicitdrugsamongyoungswissmentheirprevalenceandassociatedsociodemographiccharacteristicsandadverseoutcomes AT simonfoster routesofadministrationofillicitdrugsamongyoungswissmentheirprevalenceandassociatedsociodemographiccharacteristicsandadverseoutcomes AT gerhardgmel routesofadministrationofillicitdrugsamongyoungswissmentheirprevalenceandassociatedsociodemographiccharacteristicsandadverseoutcomes AT meichunmohlerkuo routesofadministrationofillicitdrugsamongyoungswissmentheirprevalenceandassociatedsociodemographiccharacteristicsandadverseoutcomes
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Routes of Administration of Illicit Drugs among Young Swiss Men: Their Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Adverse Outcomes

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