Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.

Insect-pollinated crops provide important nutrients for human health. Pollination, water and nutrients available to crops can influence yield, but it is not known if the nutritional value of the crop is also influenced. Almonds are an important source of critical nutrients for human health such as u...

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Autores principales:	Claire Brittain, Claire Kremen, Andrea Garber, Alexandra-Maria Klein
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed527f2c67dd461cb681f86a43a2b189
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed527f2c67dd461cb681f86a43a2b1892021-11-18T08:30:40ZPollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0090082https://doaj.org/article/ed527f2c67dd461cb681f86a43a2b1892014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24587215/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Insect-pollinated crops provide important nutrients for human health. Pollination, water and nutrients available to crops can influence yield, but it is not known if the nutritional value of the crop is also influenced. Almonds are an important source of critical nutrients for human health such as unsaturated fat and vitamin E. We manipulated the pollination of almond trees and the resources available to the trees, to investigate the impact on the nutritional composition of the crop. The pollination treatments were: (a) exclusion of pollinators to initiate self-pollination and (b) hand cross-pollination; the plant resource treatments were: (c) reduced water and (d) no fertilizer. In an orchard in northern California, trees were exposed to a single treatment or a combination of two (one pollination and one resource). Both the fat and vitamin E composition of the nuts were highly influenced by pollination. Lower proportions of oleic to linoleic acid, which are less desirable from both a health and commercial perspective, were produced by the self-pollinated trees. However, higher levels of vitamin E were found in the self-pollinated nuts. In some cases, combined changes in pollination and plant resources sharpened the pollination effects, even when plant resources were not influencing the nutrients as an individual treatment. This study highlights the importance of insects as providers of cross-pollination for fruit quality that can affect human health, and, for the first time, shows that other environmental factors can sharpen the effect of pollination. This contributes to an emerging field of research investigating the complexity of interactions of ecosystem services affecting the nutritional value and commercial quality of crops.Claire BrittainClaire KremenAndrea GarberAlexandra-Maria KleinPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 2, p e90082 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Claire Brittain Claire Kremen Andrea Garber Alexandra-Maria Klein Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
description	Insect-pollinated crops provide important nutrients for human health. Pollination, water and nutrients available to crops can influence yield, but it is not known if the nutritional value of the crop is also influenced. Almonds are an important source of critical nutrients for human health such as unsaturated fat and vitamin E. We manipulated the pollination of almond trees and the resources available to the trees, to investigate the impact on the nutritional composition of the crop. The pollination treatments were: (a) exclusion of pollinators to initiate self-pollination and (b) hand cross-pollination; the plant resource treatments were: (c) reduced water and (d) no fertilizer. In an orchard in northern California, trees were exposed to a single treatment or a combination of two (one pollination and one resource). Both the fat and vitamin E composition of the nuts were highly influenced by pollination. Lower proportions of oleic to linoleic acid, which are less desirable from both a health and commercial perspective, were produced by the self-pollinated trees. However, higher levels of vitamin E were found in the self-pollinated nuts. In some cases, combined changes in pollination and plant resources sharpened the pollination effects, even when plant resources were not influencing the nutrients as an individual treatment. This study highlights the importance of insects as providers of cross-pollination for fruit quality that can affect human health, and, for the first time, shows that other environmental factors can sharpen the effect of pollination. This contributes to an emerging field of research investigating the complexity of interactions of ecosystem services affecting the nutritional value and commercial quality of crops.
format	article
author	Claire Brittain Claire Kremen Andrea Garber Alexandra-Maria Klein
author_facet	Claire Brittain Claire Kremen Andrea Garber Alexandra-Maria Klein
author_sort	Claire Brittain
title	Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
title_short	Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
title_full	Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
title_fullStr	Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
title_full_unstemmed	Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
title_sort	pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed527f2c67dd461cb681f86a43a2b189
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Pollination and plant resources change the nutritional quality of almonds for human health.

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