Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications

A tradeoff between lightweight and ballistic resistance is common when designing ballistic protection systems for the transportation market. Steel is one of the most affordable and widely used armor materials due to its cost and manufacturing advantages. However, its high density compared to ceramic...

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Autores principales:	Francisco Javier Ramírez-Gil, Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva, Wilfredo Montealegre-Rubio
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Topology optimization Armor steel plates Bio-mimetic design Finite element analysis Functionally graded materials Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/ed5b6bf01deb487da4f3f7118b11c8b5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:ed5b6bf01deb487da4f3f7118b11c8b52021-11-28T04:27:43ZThrough-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications0264-127510.1016/j.matdes.2021.110257https://doaj.org/article/ed5b6bf01deb487da4f3f7118b11c8b52021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0264127521008121https://doaj.org/toc/0264-1275A tradeoff between lightweight and ballistic resistance is common when designing ballistic protection systems for the transportation market. Steel is one of the most affordable and widely used armor materials due to its cost and manufacturing advantages. However, its high density compared to ceramics and composites reduces its eligibility. Therefore, a weight reduction of steel plates is achieved here by inserting holes distributed throughout the plate thickness. Two approaches are proposed. The first creates cylindrical hole patterns parametrically based on the functionally graded concept found in biological structures subjected to impact loads. The second approach uses the topology optimization method to design the free-shaped hole pattern through thickness. The designed plates are manufactured and evaluated numerically and experimentally. Ballistic impact tests are performed according to the NIJ 0108.01 standard, and the results are analyzed using design of experiments. Several nondestructive tests are applied to measure the damage on the impacted plates. Results show that the performance of the topology optimized designs and the solid plates is statistically equivalent, while the parametric plates are partially penetrated. This is an important result to establish a new design methodology in a complex field where topology optimization has been little explored.Francisco Javier Ramírez-GilEmílio Carlos Nelli SilvaWilfredo Montealegre-RubioElsevierarticleTopology optimizationArmor steel platesBio-mimetic designFinite element analysisFunctionally graded materialsMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492ENMaterials & Design, Vol 212, Iss , Pp 110257- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Topology optimization Armor steel plates Bio-mimetic design Finite element analysis Functionally graded materials Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492
spellingShingle	Topology optimization Armor steel plates Bio-mimetic design Finite element analysis Functionally graded materials Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 Francisco Javier Ramírez-Gil Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva Wilfredo Montealegre-Rubio Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
description	A tradeoff between lightweight and ballistic resistance is common when designing ballistic protection systems for the transportation market. Steel is one of the most affordable and widely used armor materials due to its cost and manufacturing advantages. However, its high density compared to ceramics and composites reduces its eligibility. Therefore, a weight reduction of steel plates is achieved here by inserting holes distributed throughout the plate thickness. Two approaches are proposed. The first creates cylindrical hole patterns parametrically based on the functionally graded concept found in biological structures subjected to impact loads. The second approach uses the topology optimization method to design the free-shaped hole pattern through thickness. The designed plates are manufactured and evaluated numerically and experimentally. Ballistic impact tests are performed according to the NIJ 0108.01 standard, and the results are analyzed using design of experiments. Several nondestructive tests are applied to measure the damage on the impacted plates. Results show that the performance of the topology optimized designs and the solid plates is statistically equivalent, while the parametric plates are partially penetrated. This is an important result to establish a new design methodology in a complex field where topology optimization has been little explored.
format	article
author	Francisco Javier Ramírez-Gil Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva Wilfredo Montealegre-Rubio
author_facet	Francisco Javier Ramírez-Gil Emílio Carlos Nelli Silva Wilfredo Montealegre-Rubio
author_sort	Francisco Javier Ramírez-Gil
title	Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
title_short	Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
title_full	Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
title_fullStr	Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
title_full_unstemmed	Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
title_sort	through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/ed5b6bf01deb487da4f3f7118b11c8b5
work_keys_str_mv	AT franciscojavierramirezgil throughthicknessperforatedsteelplatesoptimizedforballisticimpactapplications AT emiliocarlosnellisilva throughthicknessperforatedsteelplatesoptimizedforballisticimpactapplications AT wilfredomontealegrerubio throughthicknessperforatedsteelplatesoptimizedforballisticimpactapplications
_version_	1718408414452776960

Through-thickness perforated steel plates optimized for ballistic impact applications

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